Review Practice Exercise 2

Research And Evidence Based Practice In Nursing > Fundamentals

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Practice Exercise 2

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Total Questions : 4

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Question 1:

Which of the following are obstacles to moving research rapidly into client care?

A. Inadequate scientific base B. Unfavorable organizational climates C. Lack of access to a health care library D. Limited communication and collaboration between researchers and practitioners

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Inadequate scientific base: Without a strong foundation of evidence, it's difficult to justify or implement new practices in client care.

Choice B:

Unfavorable organizational climates: Resistance to change, lack of leadership support, or rigid bureaucratic structures can slow down the adoption of research findings.

Choice C:

Lack of access to a health care library: While access to resources is helpful, it's not typically considered a major systemic barrier compared to the others listed.

Choice D:

Limited communication and collaboration between researchers and practitioners: When researchers and clinicians operate in silos, valuable insights may not be shared or translated effectively into practice.Rationale for incorrect answer:

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Question 2:

A qualitative research approach is most appropriate for which study?

A. A study measuring nutrition and weight loss or gain in clients with cancer B. A study examining oxygen levels after endotracheal suctioning C. A study examining client reactions to stress after open heart surgery D. A study measuring differences in blood pressure before, during, and after a procedure

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

A study measuring nutrition and weight loss or gain in clients with cancer: This is quantitative research because it involves objective measurement of physical parameters (weight, nutrient intake) and statistical analysis, not subjective experiences.

Choice B:

A study examining oxygen levels after endotracheal suctioning: This also falls under quantitative research since oxygen levels are numerical, measurable values.

Choice C:

A study examining client reactions to stress after open heart surgery: This is qualitative because it focuses on subjective reactions, emotions, and coping strategies. Such data cannot be fully captured through numbers but require descriptive, narrative accounts.Rationale for incorrect answers:

Choice D:

A study measuring differences in blood pressure before, during, and after a procedure: This is a quantitative study as it involves measurable physiologic data (blood pressure readings).

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Question 3:

A key function of a study’s methodology is to

A. Determine the hypotheses that will be tested in the study. B. Exercise control over contaminating factors in the study environment. C. Identify grants and other funding sources for conducting the study. D. Protect the rights of the study’s participants.

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Determine the hypotheses that will be tested in the study: Hypotheses are formulated before the methodology section is developed. The methodology tests the hypotheses, but determining them is part of the research question formulation stage.

Choice B:

Exercise control over contaminating factors in the study environment: Methodology includes strategies to minimize bias and control extraneous variables to ensure that results are accurate and valid.Rationale for incorrect answers:

Choice C:

Identify grants and other funding sources for conducting the study: Securing funding is part of the research planning process, not the methodological framework.

Choice D:

Protect the rights of the study’s participants: Protecting participants’ rights is part of research ethics and is overseen by Institutional Review Boards (IRBs), not directly a function of the methodology section (though ethical procedures are described within it).

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Question 4:

Which of the following is a nursing responsibility when reading published nursing research?

A. Assume that the research was properly conducted since it has been published. B. Evaluate whether the findings are applicable to the nurse’s specific clients. C. Implement the research findings if at least two studies have shown the same results. D. Request the raw data from the researchers so that the nurse can analyze the statistics again.

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Assume that the research was properly conducted since it has been published: Publication (even peer review) does not guarantee methodological rigor or applicability. Studies may have bias, small samples, conflicts of interest, or be published in low-quality journals.

Choice B:

Evaluate whether the findings are applicable to the nurse’s specific clients: A key nursing responsibility is to determine external validity - are the study population, setting, interventions, and outcomes similar enough to your clients that the findings can be safely and effectively applied?Rationale for incorrect answers:

Choice C:

Implement the research findings if at least two studies have shown the same results: Consistency across studies is important, but implementation requires assessing study quality, totality of evidence (systematic reviews/meta-analyses are stronger), clinical significance, feasibility, and patient preferences.

Choice D:

Request the raw data from the researchers so that the nurse can analyze the statistics again: Re-analyzing raw data is not a routine nursing responsibility and is often impractical (data access, time, statistical expertise, confidentiality). Nurses should critique methods and report analyses instead.

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Practice Exercise 2

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