Review Pharmacodynamics

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics > Pharmacology

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Pharmacodynamics

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Total Questions : 10

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Question 1:

A nurse is preparing to administer a medication that acts as an agonist at a specific receptor. What effect will this medication have?

A. It will increase the activity of the receptor. B. It will decrease the activity of the receptor. C. It will have no effect on the activity of the receptor. D. It will block the activity of the receptor.

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

An agonist is a medication that binds to a specific receptor and activates it, increasing its activity. A medication that acts as an agonist at a specific receptor will increase the activity of that receptor.

Choice B:

An agonist increases, not decreases, the activity of the receptor it binds to.

Choice C:

An agonist has an effect on the activity of the receptor it binds to by increasing its activity.

Choice D:

An agonist activates, not blocks, the activity of the receptor it binds to.

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Question 2:

A nurse is preparing to administer a medication that acts as an antagonist at a specific receptor. What effect will this medication have?

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

An antagonist blocks, not increases, the activity of the receptor it binds to.

Choice B:

An antagonist does not directly decrease the activity of the receptor it binds to but prevents its activation by other medications or endogenous ligands.

Choice C:

An antagonist has an effect on the activity of the receptor it binds to by blocking its activation.

Choice D:

An antagonist is a medication that binds to a specific receptor and blocks its activation, preventing other medications or endogenous ligands from activating it. A medication that acts as an antagonist at a specific receptor will block the activity of that receptor.

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Question 3:

A nurse is preparing to administer a medication that has a high affinity for its target receptor. What does this mean?

A. The medication will bind strongly to its target receptor. B. The medication will bind weakly to its target receptor. C. The medication will have a high efficacy at its target receptor. D. The medication will have a low efficacy at its target receptor.

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Affinity refers to the strength of binding between a medication and its target receptor. A medication with a high affinity for its target receptor will bind strongly to that receptor.

Choice B:

A medication with a high affinity for its target receptor will bind strongly, not weakly, to that receptor.

Choice C:

Affinity refers to binding strength and does not directly determine efficacy, which refers to the ability of a medication to produce a therapeutic effect once bound to its target receptor.

Choice D:

Affinity refers to binding strength and does not directly determine efficacy, which refers to the ability of a medication to produce a therapeutic effect once bound to its target receptor.

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Question 4:

A nurse is preparing to administer a medication that has high intrinsic efficacy.What does this mean?

A. The medication produces maximal response when bound B. The medication produces minimal response when bound C. The medication produces moderate response when bound D. The intrinsic efficacy does not affect pharmacodynamics

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Intrinsic efficacy refers to how well a drug activates receptors once bound.A drug with high intrinsic efficacy produces maximal response when bound and can activate receptors fully.

Choice B:

A drug with high intrinsic efficacy produces maximal response when bound and can activate receptors fully

Choice C:

A drug with high intrinsic efficacy produces maximal response when bound and can activate receptors fully

Choice D:

Intrinsic efficacy affects pharmacodynamics by determining how well a drug activates receptors once bound

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Question 5:

A nurse is preparing to administer two medications with additive effects.What should be considered when administering these drugs?

A. The combined effect is greater than either drug alone B. The combined effect is less than either drug alone C. The combined effect is equal to sum of individual effects D. Additive effects do not affect pharmacodynamics

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Additive effects occur when two drugs produce similar effects and their combined effect is equal to sum of their individual effects

Choice B:

Additive effects occur when two drugs produce similar effects and their combined effect is equal to sum of their individual effects

Choice C:

Additive effects occur when two drugs produce similar effects and their combined effect is equal to sum of their individual effects.When administering two drugs with additive effects,the nurse should consider their combined effect and adjust dosing accordingly.

Choice D:

Additive effects affect pharmacodynamics by determining how two drugs interact when given together

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Question 6:

A nurse is preparing to administer two medications with synergistic effects.What should be considered when administering these drugs?

A. The combined effect is greater than either drug alone B. The combined effect is less than either drug alone C. The combined effect is equal to sum of individual effects D. Synergistic effects do not affect pharmacodynamics

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Synergistic effects occur when two drugs produce similar or complementary effects and their combined effect is greater than the sum of their individual effects.When administering two drugs with synergistic effects,the nurse should consider their combined effect and adjust dosing accordingly.

Choice B:

Synergistic effects occur when two drugs produce similar or complementary effects and their combined effect is greater than the sum of their individual effects

Choice C:

Synergistic effects occur when two drugs produce similar or complementary effects and their combined effect is greater than the sum of their individual effects

Choice D:

Synergistic effects affect pharmacodynamics by determining how two drugs interact when given together

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Question 7:

A nurse is preparing to administer a medication that has a low therapeutic index.What should be considered when administering this drug?

A. The drug has a wide margin of safety B. The drug has a narrow margin of safety C. The drug has a moderate margin of safety D. Therapeutic index does not affect pharmacodynamics

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

A drug with a low therapeutic index has a narrow margin of safety,meaning that the difference between its toxic and therapeutic doses is small

Choice B:

Therapeutic index refers to the ratio between the toxic dose and the therapeutic dose of a drug.A drug with a low therapeutic index has a narrow margin of safety,meaning that the difference between its toxic and therapeutic doses is small.When administering a drug with a low therapeutic index,the nurse should carefully monitor the client for signs of toxicity.

Choice C:

A drug with a low therapeutic index has a narrow margin of safety,meaning that the difference between its toxic and therapeutic doses is small

Choice D:

Therapeutic index affects pharmacodynamics by determining the margin of safety between the toxic and therapeutic doses of a drug

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Question 8:

A nurse is preparing to administer a medication that acts as an allosteric modulator.What does this mean?

A. The medication binds to the same site as endogenous ligands B. The medication binds to a different site from endogenous ligands C. The medication activates receptors directly D. Allosteric modulation does not affect pharmacodynamics

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

An allosteric modulator binds to a different site from endogenous ligands,not the same site.

Choice B:

An allosteric modulator is a medication that binds to a specific receptor at a site different from the binding site for endogenous ligands.Allosteric modulators can affect receptor activity by enhancing or inhibiting the binding or activity of endogenous ligands.

Choice C:

An allosteric modulator affects receptor activity indirectly by enhancing or inhibiting the binding or activity of endogenous ligands.

Choice D:

Allosteric modulation affects pharmacodynamics by altering receptor activity through indirect mechanisms.

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Question 9:

A nurse is preparing to administer two medications with antagonistic effects.What should be considered when administering these drugs?

A. The combined effect is greater than either drug alone B. The combined effect is less than either drug alone C. The combined effect is equal to sum of individual effects D. Antagonistic effects do not affect pharmacodynamics

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Antagonistic effects occur when two drugs produce opposing effects and their combined effect is less than the sum of their individual effects.

Choice B:

Antagonistic effects occur when two drugs produce opposing effects and their combined effect is less than the sum of their individual effects.When administering two drugs with antagonistic effects,the nurse should consider their combined effect and adjust dosing accordingly.

Choice C:

Antagonistic effects occur when two drugs produce opposing effects and their combined effect is less than the sum of their individual effects.

Choice D:

Antagonistic effects affect pharmacodynamics by determining how two drugs interact when given together.

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Question 10:

A nurse is preparing to administer a medication that acts as an inverse agonist.What does this mean?

A. The medication increases receptor activity above basal levels B. The medication decreases receptor activity below basal levels C. The medication has no effect on receptor activity D. Inverse agonism does not affect pharmacodynamics

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

An inverse agonist decreases,not increases,receptor activity below basal levels.

Choice B:

An inverse agonist is a medication that binds to a specific receptor and decreases its activity below basal levels.Inverse agonists can inhibit constitutive activity of receptors,producing an effect opposite to that of agonists.

Choice C:

An inverse agonist decreases receptor activity below basal levels,not having no effect on receptor activity.

Choice D:

Inverse agonism affects pharmacodynamics by decreasing receptor activity below basal levels.

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Total Questions : 10

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Pharmacodynamics

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