Review Oral Administration

Routes Of Drug Administration > Pharmacology

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Oral Administration

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Total Questions : 5

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Question 1:

Which of the following factors can affect the absorption of orally administered drugs?

A. Stomach pH B. Food in the stomach C. Blood flow to the gastrointestinal tract D. All of the above

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Stomach pH alone can affect drug absorption, but it is not the only factor.

Choice B:

Food in the stomach alone can affect drug absorption, but it is not the only factor.

Choice C:

Blood flow to the gastrointestinal tract alone can affect drug absorption, but it is not the only factor.

Choice D:

- Stomach pH, food in the stomach, and blood flow to the gastrointestinal tract can all affect the absorption of orally administered drugs. For example, some drugs require an acidic environment for optimal absorption and may be affected by changes in stomach pH.

- Food in the stomach can delay gastric emptying and slow down drug absorption.

- Blood flow to the gastrointestinal tract can affect drug absorption by altering the rate at which drugs are delivered to the absorption site.

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Question 2:

Which of the following is a disadvantage of oral drug administration?

A. It is convenient and easy to use B. It has a slower onset of action compared to other routes C. It is less expensive than other routes D. It is non-invasive

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Convenience and ease of use are advantages of oral drug administration, not disadvantages.

Choice B:

Oral drug administration has a slower onset of action compared to other routes such as intravenous or intramuscular administration. This is because orally administered drugs must first pass through the gastrointestinal tract and be absorbed into the bloodstream before they can exert their effects.

Choice C:

Being less expensive than other routes is an advantage of oral drug administration, not a disadvantage.

Choice D:

Being non-invasive is an advantage of oral drug administration, not a disadvantage.

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Question 3:

Which of the following drugs should not be crushed before administration?

A. Enteric-coated tablets B. Immediate-release tablets C. Chewable tablets D. Sublingual tablets

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

A) Enteric-coated tablets: Enteric-coated tablets should not be crushed as they are designed to dissolve in the intestines rather than the stomach. Crushing these tablets can destroy the coating, leading to stomach irritation or reducing the drug's effectiveness by releasing it prematurely.

Choice B:

B) Immediate-release tablets: Immediate-release tablets are generally safe to crush as they are designed to dissolve quickly and release their medication immediately. However, it is essential to confirm with each medication as some exceptions exist.

Choice C:

C) Chewable tablets: Chewable tablets are meant to be chewed for quicker absorption, especially for individuals with difficulty swallowing. Crushing is unnecessary and does not alter the intended function of these tablets.

Choice D:

D) Sublingual tablets: Sublingual tablets are designed for absorption under the tongue to bypass the digestive system and enter the bloodstream directly. Crushing sublingual tablets may impair their efficacy as the medication would not be absorbed as intended.

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Question 4:

Which of the following is an advantage of oral drug administration?

A. It has a rapid onset of action B. It is convenient and easy to use C. It is more expensive than other routes D. It is invasive

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Oral drug administration does not have a rapid onset of action compared to other routes such as intravenous or intramuscular administration.

Choice B:

Oral drug administration is convenient and easy to use because it does not require any special equipment or training and can be self-administered by patients.

Choice C:

Being more expensive than other routes is a disadvantage of oral drug administration, not an advantage.

Choice D:

Being invasive is a disadvantage of oral drug administration, not an advantage.

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Question 5:

Which of the following statements about first-pass metabolism is true?

A. It occurs in the liver after a drug has been absorbed into the bloodstream B. It increases the bioavailability of a drug C. It only occurs with intravenous drug administration D. It can be bypassed by administering a drug sublingually

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

This statement is true, but it is not the best answer because it does not fully explain how first-pass metabolism can be bypassed.

Choice B:

This statement is false because first-pass metabolism can reduce, not increase, the bioavailability of a drug.

Choice C:

This statement is false because first-pass metabolism does not occur with intravenous drug administration.

Choice D:

First-pass metabolism occurs in the liver after a drug has been absorbed into the bloodstream from the gastrointestinal tract. It can reduce the bioavailability of a drug by metabolizing it before it reaches systemic circulation. First-pass metabolism does not occur with intravenous drug administration because drugs are injected directly into the bloodstream, bypassing the liver. Sublingual drug administration can also bypass first-pass metabolism because drugs are absorbed directly into the bloodstream through the mucous membranes under the tongue.

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Oral Administration

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