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The woman’s age and parity are not factors that affect the recommended weight gain during pregnancy.The weight gain recommendations are the same for all women regardless of their age or how many children they have had.

The woman’s food preferences and cravings are not factors that determine the adequacy of the woman’s weight gain.Food preferences and cravings may influence what and how much a woman eats, but they do not change the amount of weight she should gain for a healthy pregnancy.

The woman’s activity level and lifestyle are not factors that affect the recommended weight gain during pregnancy.Activity level and lifestyle may influence how a woman gains weight, but they do not change the amount of weight she should gain for a healthy pregnancy.Physical activity and healthy eating habits are important for all pregnant women to maintain their health and well-being.

Holding the baby close to the body with his nose opposite the nipple helps him to latch on well and stimulates the rooting reflex.

Supporting the breast with a C-shape below the areola prevents the fingers from compressing the milk ducts and allows the baby to grasp more of the breast tissue.

Waiting for the baby to open his mouth wide ensures that he takes a large mouthful of breast tissue and forms a good seal around the nipple and areola.

Normal ranges for breastfeeding frequency and duration are 8-12 times in 24 hours and 15-20 minutes on each side.

Washing the nipples with soap and water before and after each feeding can dry out and irritate the skin, making the problem worse.The nipples do not need to be washed more than once a day with plain water.

Switching to formula feeding until the nipples heal completely can interfere with the establishment of breastfeeding and reduce the milk supply.Formula feeding can also increase the risk of infections and allergies for the baby.Breastfeeding should be continued as much as possible, even with sore nipples, as long as the baby is latched on correctly.

Using a nipple shield or a breast pump for every feeding can also affect the milk supply and the baby’s ability to breastfeed effectively.Nipple shields and breast pumps should only be used temporarily and under the guidance of a lactation consultant.They do not address the underlying cause of sore nipples, which is usually a poor latch.

Turning his head away from the breast or bottle is a sign of satiety or fullness, not hunger.

Falling asleep or becoming drowsy is a sign of fatigue or satisfaction, not hunger.

Spitting up or burping is a sign of air swallowing or overfeeding, not hunger.

Cow’s milk or juice are not recommended as the first complementary foods for infants.Cow’s milk can cause iron deficiency anemia and allergic reactions, and juice can cause dental caries and diarrhea.

Pureed fruits or vegetables are not enough to meet the infant’s iron needs.Fruits and vegetables are rich in vitamins and minerals, but they do not provide enough iron for the growing infant.

Yogurt or cheese are not suitable as the first complementary foods for infants.Yogurt or cheese can cause allergic reactions and lactose intolerance, and they do not provide enough iron for the infant.