Review Endocrine Changes in pregnancy

Physiological And Physical Changes In Pregnancy > Maternal & Newborn

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Endocrine Changes in pregnancy

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Total Questions : 4

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Question 1:

A nurse is caring for a pregnant client who is experiencing fatigue and mood swings.

These symptoms are primarily caused by:.

A. Increased progesterone levels. B. Increased progesterone levels. C. Increased thyroid hormone levels. D. Increased insulin resistance

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Increased progesterone levels are primarily responsible for fatigue and mood swings during pregnancy. Progesterone is a hormone that relaxes the muscles and causes sleepiness and tearfulness.

Choice B:

Estrogen levels actually increase during pregnancy, especially in the first 12 weeks. Estrogen is associated with serotonin, a brain chemical that regulates mood. Changes in estrogen levels can cause anxiety and irritability.

Choice C:

Thyroid hormone levels usually decrease during pregnancy, not increase. Low thyroid hormone levels can cause symptoms such as weight gain, constipation, and cold intolerance.

Choice D:

Because insulin resistance usually occurs later in pregnancy, not early on. Insulin resistance can cause high blood sugar levels and increase the risk of gestational diabetes.

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Question 2:

A nurse is educating a pregnant client about the role of hCG in pregnancy.

Which of the following functions is primarily attributed to hCG?

A. Maintaining the endometrium. B. Stimulating milk production C. Inhibiting uterine contractions. D. Regulating the metabolic rate.

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

The correct answer is choice A. Maintaining the endometrium. HCG is a hormone produced by the placenta during pregnancy that helps thicken the uterine lining and tells the body to stop menstruating. This supports the implantation and growth of the embryo.

Choice B:

hCG does not stimulate milk production. That is the role of another hormone called prolactin.

Choice C:

hCG does not inhibit uterine contractions. That is the role of another hormone called progesterone.

Choice D:

hCG does not regulate the metabolic rate. That is the role of another hormone called thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

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Question 3:

A nurse is assessing a pregnant client who is experiencing fatigue and increased urination.

These symptoms are primarily caused by:.

A. Increased estrogen levels. B. Increased insulin resistance. C. Decreased progesterone levels. D. Increased thyroid hormone levels.

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

increased estrogen levels do not cause increased urination and fatigue. Estrogen is a hormone that helps develop the female sexual traits and maintain a healthy pregnancy. It does not affect blood glucose levels or insulin sensitivity.

Choice B:

. Increased insulin resistance. This is because during pregnancy, the placenta produces hormones such as human placental lactogen (hPL) and placental growth hormone that increase the mother’s blood glucose levels and decrease her sensitivity to insulin. This causes increased urination and fatigue as the body tries to eliminate excess glucose and cope with the higher energy demands of pregnancy.

Choice C:

Decreased progesterone levels do not cause increased urination and fatigue. Progesterone is a hormone that stimulates the thickening of the uterine lining for implantation of a fertilized egg and prevents uterine contractions during pregnancy.

Choice D:

Increased thyroid hormone levels do not cause increased urination and fatigue. Thyroid hormones are responsible for regulating the metabolism, growth and development of the body. They do not affect blood glucose levels or insulin sensitivity.

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Question 4:

A nurse is explaining the endocrine changes during pregnancy to a group of expectant mothers.

Which hormone is responsible for stimulating uterine growth and enhancing fetal organ development?

A. hCG B. Progesterone C. Estrogen D. Prolactin

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) is a hormone that is only made during pregnancy and is mainly responsible for maintaining the corpus luteum, which produces progesterone. hCG levels rise a lot during the first trimester and may cause nausea and vomiting, but it does not directly stimulate uterine growth or fetal organ development.

Choice B:

Progesterone is a hormone that is made by the ovaries and by the placenta during pregnancy. It stimulates the thickening of the uterine lining for implantation of a fertilized egg and prevents uterine contractions during pregnancy.

Choice C:

Estrogen is a hormone that is normally formed in the ovaries and is also made by the placenta during pregnancy to help maintain a healthy pregnancy. Estrogen helps the uterus grow to accommodate the growing baby and maintains a well-functioning uterine lining and placenta. Estrogen also plays a role in regulating other essential pregnancy hormones and in developing fetal organs such as the lungs, liver, and endocrine glands.

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Endocrine Changes in pregnancy

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