Review Practice Exercise 4

Drugs Used to Treat Dyslipidemias > Pharmacology

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Practice Exercise 4

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Total Questions : 2

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Question 1:

A nurse is collecting data from a client who is taking gemfibrozil (Lopid). Which of the following assessment findings is an adverse reaction to the medication?

A. Mental status changes B. Tremor C. Jaundice D. Pneumonia

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Mental status changes:
Gemfibrozil is not known to cause confusion, delirium, or cognitive changes. Mental status alterations are more likely associated with CNS-acting drugs, hypoglycemia, or severe systemic illness, not this lipid-lowering agent.

Choice B:

Tremor:Tremors are not a typical adverse effect of gemfibrozil. They are more commonly linked to medications affecting the nervous system such as lithium, valproate, or stimulants. Gemfibrozil’s primary toxicities involve the liver and, less commonly, muscle tissue.

Choice C:

Jaundice:Jaundice, a key sign of hepatotoxicity, is an adverse effect associated with gemfibrozil. The drug increases the risk of liver injury by altering hepatic enzyme activity and bile metabolism. Clients who develop jaundice may also present with pruritus, dark-colored urine, and right upper quadrant pain. Because gemfibrozil is metabolized primarily in the liver, patients require routine monitoring of liver function tests.Rationales for incorrect answers:

Choice D:

Pneumonia: There is no established link between gemfibrozil therapy and the development of pneumonia. Respiratory infections are not expected adverse effects of this drug. The adverse reactions are mainly hepatotoxicity, gastrointestinal upset, and increased risk of gallstones.

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Question 2:

A client has been ordered gemfibrozil (Lopid) for hyperlipidemia. The nurse will first validate the order with the health care provider if the client reports a history of which disorder?

A. Hypertension B. Angina C. Gallbladder disease D. Tuberculosis

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Hypertension: While hypertension increases cardiovascular risk, it is not a contraindication to gemfibrozil therapy. The drug does not worsen blood pressure control or interact negatively with most antihypertensives.

Choice B:

Angina: Angina is related to coronary artery disease and elevated cholesterol, which are indications for lipid-lowering therapy. Gemfibrozil may actually help reduce cardiovascular risk but is not contraindicated.

Choice C:

Gallbladder disease: Gemfibrozil increases cholesterol excretion into bile, which can promote the formation of gallstones. For this reason, it is contraindicated in patients with preexisting gallbladder disease. Giving the drug in this context may worsen the condition and put the patient at risk for severe complications such as biliary colic or cholecystitis.Rationales for incorrect answers:

Choice D:

Tuberculosis: Past or current tuberculosis has no relation to gemfibrozil therapy. The drug does not interfere with TB treatments or worsen the condition.

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Practice Exercise 4

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