Review Practice Exercise 3

Non-infectious Respiratory Disorders > Child Health

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Practice Exercise 3

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Total Questions : 4

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Question 1:

Children younger than age 3 are prone to aspirating foreign bodies. Which action is recommended to prevent aspiration?

A. Cut hot dogs in half. B. Limit popcorn and peanuts. C. Cut grapes into small pieces. D. Limit hard candy to special occasions.

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Cutting hot dogs in half lengthwise still leaves pieces that can obstruct a child’s airway if round edges remain. The correct method is to cut hot dogs lengthwise and then into small pieces (quarter them), not just in half.

Choice B:

Limit popcorn and peanuts is insufficient since these foods should be completely avoided in children under 3 years old due to their high choking risk. The recommendation is avoidance, not limitation.

Choice C:

Whole grapes are one of the most common causes of choking and airway obstruction in toddlers. Cutting grapes into quarters (lengthwise) reduces the risk of aspiration by changing their round shape and making them easier to chew and swallow safely.

Choice D:

Hard candies pose a severe choking hazard and should be completely avoided, not just limited.

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Question 2:

Which activity is recommended to prevent foreign body aspiration during meals?

A. Insist that children are seated. B. Give children toys to play with. C. Allow children to watch television. D. Allow children to eat in a separate room.

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

he most effective preventive measure during meals is ensuring that children sit upright while eating. Sitting reduces the likelihood of aspiration because it allows for better swallowing coordination and prevents sudden inhalation of food caused by movement, running, or playing. Children should also be taught to eat slowly, chew thoroughly, and avoid talking or laughing with food in their mouths.

Choice B:

Allowing toys at mealtime is unsafe because they distract the child and increase the risk of placing small objects in the mouth, leading to aspiration.

Choice C:

Watching TV while eating diverts attention from proper chewing and swallowing, increasing choking risk.

Choice D:

Children should always be supervised while eating. Eating in a separate room increases the risk of delayed response if choking occurs.

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Question 3:

The nurse is preparing a child for testing for a foreign body aspiration. The nurse explains to the child’s parents that the best diagnostic tool for diagnosis of foreign body aspiration is:

A. Bronchoscopy B. Chest X-ray C. Fluoroscopy D. Lateral neck X-ray

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Bronchoscopy is the gold standard diagnostic and therapeutic tool for foreign body aspiration. It allows direct visualization of the airway to locate and remove the foreign body. Rigid bronchoscopy is typically used in children because it provides better airway control and facilitates removal under general anesthesia. It confirms diagnosis when imaging studies are inconclusive and also allows immediate intervention.

Choice B:

A chest X-ray may show indirect signs such as air trapping, atelectasis, or localized hyperinflation, but many foreign bodies, especially organic materials, are radiolucent and not visible. Thus, it is helpful but not definitive.

Choice C:

Fluoroscopy may reveal dynamic airway obstruction or unilateral air trapping, but it is less specific and not routinely used due to radiation exposure and limited diagnostic yield.

Choice D:

Lateral neck X-ray may identify a radiopaque object in the upper airway or pharynx, but it cannot detect tracheal or bronchial foreign bodies effectively.

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Question 4:

A toddler is being discharged after bronchoscopy for removal of a coin from his esophagus. Which statement is the most important topic of discharge teaching?

A. Reassuring the child that he is fine B. Proper nutrition for the next few days C. Restricting his access to small toys or objects D. Administering acetaminophen for his sore throat

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Emotional reassurance is important but not the priority discharge teaching point. The focus should be on preventing future incidents.

Choice B:

Soft foods may be recommended if the throat is sore, but this is temporary and not the most crucial teaching for long-term safety.

Choice C:

Toddlers are at high risk for repeat foreign body ingestion or aspiration if environmental risks are not addressed. Parents must be taught to childproof the home, ensuring small objects, coins, beads, buttons, and toy parts are kept out of reach. Prevention is critical because recurrence can lead to life-threatening airway obstruction or esophageal injury. This teaching emphasizes primary prevention, which is the nurse’s top priority at discharge.

Choice D:

Mild throat discomfort is expected after bronchoscopy and can be managed with acetaminophen, but this is a comfort measure, not the most essential safety instruction.

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Practice Exercise 3

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