Review Practice Exercise 2

Neurologic Diagnostic Procedures > Adult Health

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Practice Exercise 2

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Total Questions : 5

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Question 1:

Which of the following best describes the primary purpose of an electroencephalogram (EEG)?

A. To assess cerebral blood flow. B. To measure the brain’s electrical activity. C. To visualize brain structures. D. To measure intracranial pressure.

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

To assess cerebral blood flow: This is done using tests like cerebral angiography or transcranial Doppler, not EEG.

Choice B:

To measure the brain’s electrical activity: EEG measures spontaneous electrical activity generated by neuronal firing, which is crucial for diagnosing epilepsy and other neurological disorders.Rationale for incorrect answers:

Choice C:

To visualize brain structures: CT and MRI are used for structural imaging.

Choice D:

To measure intracranial pressure: ICP monitoring devices are used for this, not EEG

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Question 2:

A nurse is performing a Glasgow Coma Scale assessment. Which components are evaluated? Select all that apply

A. Eye o pening response. B. Verbal response. C. Motor response. D. Pupil size. E. Reflex testing.

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Eye opening response: Indicates arousal and basic brainstem function.

Choice B:

Verbal response: Reflects cerebral cortex function.

Choice C:

Motor response: Demonstrates ability to follow commands and motor cortex integrity.Rationale for incorrect answers:

Choice D:

Pupil size: Part of cranial nerve assessment, not GCS.

Choice E:

Reflex testing: Evaluates spinal and peripheral nerve function, not included in GCS scoring.

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Question 3:

Which of the following are priority nursing interventions for a patient undergoing intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring? Select all that apply

A. Maintain the transducer at the level of the foramen of Monro. B. Keep the head of bed elevated 30 degrees unless contraindicated. C. Routinely flush the monitoring system to ensure patency. D. Use strict aseptic technique during dressing changes. E. Encourage coughing and straining to assess ICP changes.

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Level at foramen of Monro: Ensures accurate pressure readings.

Choice B:

Elevate HOB 30 degrees: Promotes venous drainage and lowers ICP.

Choice C:

Routinely flush the system: Risk of increasing ICP or damaging brain tissue.

Choice D:

Aseptic technique: Prevents life-threatening central nervous system infections.Rationale for incorrect answers:

Choice E:

Encourage coughing/straining: These maneuvers increase ICP and should be avoided.

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Question 4:

Which statement about lumbar puncture is most accurate?

A. It should be performed immediately if elevated ICP is suspected. B. It is used to collect cerebrospinal fluid for diagnostic testing. C. It is contraindicated in suspected meningitis. D. It requires general anesthesia in all cases.

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Perform immediately if elevated ICP suspected: This is dangerous; it can precipitate brain herniation.

Choice B:

To collect CSF for diagnostic testing: This is the main purpose, aiding in diagnosis of infections, hemorrhage, and certain neurological conditions.Rationale for incorrect answers:

Choice C:

Contraindicated in suspected meningitis: LP is actually indicated to confirm meningitis diagnosis, unless contraindicated by raised ICP.

Choice D:

Requires general anesthesia: Most LPs are done under local anesthesia and patient cooperation.

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Question 5:

Which statement about lumbar puncture is most accurate?

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Wash hair: Oils interfere with electrode adhesion.

Choice B:

Avoid caffeine: Prevents altered brain activity patterns.

Choice C:

Fast completely for 12 hours: Unnecessary and may cause hypoglycemia, affecting EEG results.

Choice D:

Continue medications unless told otherwise: Some EEGs assess baseline brain function while on medication.

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Practice Exercise 2

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