Review Practice Exercise 1

Perioperative Nursing Care > Fundamentals

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Practice Exercise 1

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Total Questions : 3

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Question 1:

The nurse is preparing Mrs. Ogg for surgery for treatment of a ruptured spleen as the result of an automobile crash. The nurse knows that this type of surgery belongs in which of the following categories?

A. Minor, diagnostic B. Minor, elective C. Major, emergency D. Major, palliative

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Minor, diagnostic: Minor diagnostic procedures are usually planned, low-risk, and involve minimal tissue disruption (eg, biopsy, endoscopy).

Choice B:

Minor, elective: Elective surgeries are scheduled in advance and are not life-saving (eg, hernia repair, cosmetic procedures).

Choice C:

Major, emergency: This surgery involves significant risk, requires entry into the abdominal cavity, and is performed immediately to control hemorrhage and prevent death. It fits both the major and emergency categories.

Choice D:

Major, palliative: Palliative procedures aim to relieve symptoms without curing (eg, debulking tumors).

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Question 2:

A group of students are reviewing the purposes of general anesthesia in preparation for a test. The students demonstrate a need for additional study when they identify which of the following as a purpose?

A. Loss of consciousness B. Relaxation of skeletal muscles C. Reduction of reflex action D. Localized loss of sensation

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Loss of consciousness: General anesthesia induces complete unconsciousness, rendering the patient unaware of pain and surroundings.

Choice B:

Relaxation of skeletal muscles: General anesthesia provides muscle relaxation, which facilitates intubation and surgical manipulation.

Choice C:

Reduction of reflex action: It suppresses reflexes (like gag or cough reflex) to allow safe surgical and anesthetic procedures.

Choice D:

Localized loss of sensation: This is the purpose of local or regional anesthesia, not general anesthesia. Students identifying this as a purpose of general anesthesia show a knowledge gap.

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Question 3:

A nurse has been asked to witness a patient signature on an informed consent form for surgery. For which one of these patients would the document be valid?

A. A 92-year-old patient who is severely confused B. A 45-year-old patient who is oriented and alert C. A 10-year-old patient who is oriented and alert D. A 36-year-old patient who has had a narcotic premedication

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

A 92-year-old patient who is severely confused: Severe confusion indicates lack of decision-making capacity; such a patient cannot give valid informed consent. A legal surrogate or court order is required.

Choice B:

A 45-year-old patient who is oriented and alert: Adult, alert, and oriented patients who demonstrate understanding and voluntariness have capacity to consent; the witness may attest the signature.

Choice C:

A 10-year-old patient who is oriented and alert: Minors generally cannot provide legal consent, except in specific legal exceptions (e.g., emancipated minor, some treatment categories).

Choice D:

A 36-year-old patient who has had a narcotic premedication: Recent narcotic premedication can impair consciousness, judgement, and comprehension. If the patient is sedated or cognitively impaired by meds, consent is not valid.

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Total Questions : 3

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Practice Exercise 1

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