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Polyuria: COPD with chronic respiratory acidosis is not associated with excessive urine production. Instead, clients may experience fluid retention due to right-sided heart failure (cor pulmonale).

Osteoporosis: While COPD patients may have osteoporosis due to steroid use or inactivity, it is not a direct effect of chronic respiratory acidosis.

Anxiety and depression: While common in COPD due to lifestyle limitations, anxiety and depression are not direct physiological effects of respiratory acidosis.

A client who is taking a thiazide diuretic: Thiazide diuretics promote loss of potassium and hydrogen ions, leading to metabolic alkalosis rather than acidosis.

A client who has salicylate intoxication: Early salicylate toxicity causes respiratory alkalosis, though severe cases can progress to metabolic acidosis.

A client who is vomiting: Vomiting leads to loss of stomach acid (HCl), which causes metabolic alkalosis, not acidosis.

Nothing solid by mouth for 8 to 10 hours before surgery: While some surgeries may require longer fasting, the general guideline is at least 6-8 hours for solids.

Nothing solid by mouth for 10 to 12 hours before surgery: This is longer than necessary based on standard preoperative fasting guidelines.

Nothing solid by mouth for 12 to 14 hours before surgery: This is excessive and may lead to unnecessary discomfort.

The client has a pleasant affect: "Affect" refers to outward emotional expression, whereas "mood" is the client's internal emotional state.

The client appears happy with an elevated mood: The nurse should document objective data rather than interpreting the client’s emotions.

The client self-isolated today: While self-isolation may indicate mood disturbances, it does not directly document the client’s reported mood.

Suicidal thoughts without a plan are not a cause for concern: Any expression of suicidal thoughts, even without a specific plan, should be taken seriously. Individuals may still be at risk and require further assessment and intervention.

Suicide is the leading cause of death for Americans 50-65 years old: While suicide is a significant concern in this age group, it is not the leading cause of death. The leading causes of death for individuals aged 50-65 are heart disease and cancer.

10,000 Americans commit suicide each year: The number is significantly higher. According to the CDC, over 48,000 Americans die by suicide annually.

Skin breakdown: This is a medical problem or symptom, but it is not a structured nursing diagnosis.

Elevated blood pressure: This is a clinical finding rather than a nursing diagnosis.

Anxiety: While anxiety is a medical condition, a complete nursing diagnosis should describe the specific effects on the patient, such as "Anxiety related to hospitalization as evidenced by restlessness and increased heart rate."

"I should be in a sitting position when using this device.": Correct. A sitting or semi-Fowler’s position promotes lung expansion and is the proper position for using an incentive spirometer.

"I will hold my breath for 3 seconds after I feel like I cannot inhale any more breath.": Correct. Holding the breath allows for alveolar expansion and better lung recruitment.

"I will exhale completely before placing my lips around the mouthpiece.": Correct. Exhaling fully ensures that the next inhalation is deep and effective.

Ensure an NPO status is maintained for the length of the prescribed treatment: While some ventilated patients are NPO, others receive enteral feeding. NPO status alone does not prevent aspiration.

Perform chest physiotherapy as prescribed by the practitioner: Chest physiotherapy helps clear secretions but does not directly reduce aspiration risk.

Limit each suctioning event to no more than 10 seconds: While limiting suction time is important to avoid hypoxia, it does not directly prevent aspiration.

Allow the client time alone to self-reflect.: Suicidal clients should not be left alone. They require immediate assessment and intervention.

Reassure the client that everything is going to work out.: Offering false reassurance can invalidate the client’s feelings and may discourage further discussion of their distress.

Encourage the client to focus on the positive aspects of life.: While positive reinforcement is helpful, it does not address the immediate risk of suicide. The nurse should prioritize risk assessment and safety.