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"If the medicine causes an upset stomach, take an antacid at the same time.": Ciprofloxacin should not be taken with antacids containing magnesium or aluminum because these reduce the medication’s absorption and effectiveness.

"Limit your daily fluid intake while taking this medication.": Clients should be encouraged to increase, not limit, fluid intake when taking ciprofloxacin. Adequate hydration helps prevent crystalluria and protects renal function.

"This medication will affect your eyesight, wear sunglasses while outside.": Ciprofloxacin does not typically cause vision changes or photosensitivity requiring sunglasses. It is not a significant or common side effect of quinolones.

Administer cefazolin as ordered, as cross-reactivity is negligible.: Cefazolin is a first-generation cephalosporin with a higher potential for cross-allergy. Administering it without clarification places the client at significant risk for another anaphylactic reaction.

Administer cefazolin with premedication of antihistamines and corticosteroids.: Premedicating does not eliminate the risk of a true IgE-mediated anaphylactic reaction. Such an approach is unsafe as the reaction could still be life-threatening.

Administer cefazolin slowly with close monitoring for allergic reactions.: Giving the drug slowly does not prevent an anaphylactic response and may delay recognition of symptoms. The safest nursing action is to hold the medication entirely until an alternative antibiotic is prescribed by the healthcare provider.

The client might experience constipation.: Constipation is not a common side effect of rifampin which primarily affects liver function and body fluid coloration, not bowel motility, so constipation would likely be due to other factors rather than this medication.

The client might see black-colored stools.: Rifampin does not cause black stools; black stools are more commonly associated with gastrointestinal bleeding or iron supplementation. The nurse should teach the client to report dark, tarry stools as they could indicate bleeding.

The medication may stain the teeth.: Rifampin does not discolor teeth. Unlike drugs such as tetracyclines, which can cause permanent dental staining, rifampin primarily alters the color of body fluids but not enamel or oral structures.

Electrolyte levels.: Monitoring electrolyte levels is not routinely required before starting isoniazid therapy, as INH does not significantly affect sodium, potassium, or chloride balance. Electrolyte testing may be done for other medical reasons, but it is not INH initiation.

Coagulation times.: Isoniazid does not commonly affect coagulation or interfere with clotting factors. Baseline coagulation studies would be necessary only if the client were on anticoagulants or had a known bleeding disorder, not for standard tuberculosis treatment.

Serum creatinine level.: Although renal function is important in general pharmacologic management, INH is primarily metabolized by the liver rather than excreted unchanged by the kidneys. Therefore, serum creatinine testing is less critical than assessing liver enzymes.

Ototoxicity.: Ototoxicity is more commonly associated with aminoglycosides such as gentamicin or vancomycin, not tetracyclines. These drugs can damage the auditory nerve, but tetracyclines do not affect hearing or balance mechanisms in the inner ear.

Nephrotoxicity.: Nephrotoxicity (kidney damage) can occur, especially with outdated tetracycline preparations or in patients with pre-existing renal issues, but it is not the primary reason for the drug's contraindication in children under 8 years old.

Hyperglycemia.: Tetracyclines have no known effect on blood glucose regulation. Hyperglycemia may occur with corticosteroids or certain antipsychotics but is not a recognized adverse reaction associated with tetracycline therapy.

"I might get a funny metal taste in my mouth while taking this drug.": A metallic taste is a common and harmless side effect of metronidazole. The nurse should reassure the client that this reaction is temporary and does not indicate an allergy or toxicity.

"This medication is an antibiotic used to treat the bacterial infection I have.": This is an accurate understanding of metronidazole’s purpose. It is an effective antimicrobial used for bacterial and protozoal infections, including some sexually transmitted infections.

"I should take the full prescription to get rid of this infection.": Completing the full course of metronidazole is essential to ensure eradication of the infection and prevent antibiotic resistance.

Hydroxychloroquine.: Hydroxychloroquine is an antimalarial and anti-inflammatory medication used in conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus. It has no antifungal properties and would not be effective for treating oral candidiasis (thrush).

Warfarin.: Warfarin is an anticoagulant used to prevent or treat thromboembolic disorders. It has no role in managing fungal infections and could even pose risks if given unnecessarily, such as increased bleeding tendency.

Ondansetron.: Ondansetron is an antiemetic used to prevent nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy, radiation, or surgery. It has no antifungal action and would not address the white oral lesions caused by Candida infection.

An Antihistamine medication like fexofenadine.: Antihistamines are most effective for allergic symptoms such as sneezing, runny nose, and watery eyes. They can thicken secretions, making mucus more difficult to expel, which is not helpful for a client already producing thick sputum.

An Antitussive medication like dextromethorphan.: Antitussives suppress the cough reflex, which could prevent the clearance of mucus from the airways. In a client with productive coughing, this may lead to mucus retention and increase the risk of secondary infection.

A Decongestant medication like pseudoephedrine.: Decongestants primarily reduce nasal swelling and sinus pressure by vasoconstriction. They do not thin mucus or assist in mobilizing secretions from the lower airways, making them less effective for thick sputum production.

A client with acute, non-infectious diarrhea.: Loperamide is safe and effective for treating acute, non-infectious diarrhea by slowing intestinal motility. It allows increased absorption of water and electrolytes, helping to reduce stool frequency and improve consistency.

A client with traveler’s diarrhea.: Loperamide can be used short-term in traveler’s diarrhea when symptoms are not caused by invasive bacteria. It provides symptomatic relief by decreasing bowel movements while the underlying infection is being treated.

A client who has hyperactive bowel sounds.: Hyperactive bowel sounds alone are not a contraindication to loperamide use. They are expected with diarrhea and may actually improve as the medication reduces peristaltic activity and stool frequency.

"I will take this medication every time I have an acute asthma attack.": Montelukast is not a rescue medication and is ineffective during acute asthma attacks. Short-acting bronchodilators, such as albuterol, are the preferred treatment for immediate relief.

"This medication will help to open my airways immediately when I feel short of breath.": Montelukast works by blocking leukotriene receptors, reducing airway inflammation over time. It does not provide rapid bronchodilation, so it cannot relieve acute shortness of breath.

"I should stop taking this medication when my asthma symptoms improve.": Stopping montelukast abruptly may increase the risk of future asthma exacerbations. The medication should be taken consistently, even when the client is asymptomatic.