Review Newborns’ Basic Needs

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Newborns’ Basic Needs

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Total Questions : 4

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Question 1:

A nurse is caring for a newborn who was delivered 30 minutes ago.

The newborn is placed skin-to-skin with the mother and covered with a dry cloth and a hat.

What is the primary purpose of this intervention?

A. To promote bonding between the mother and the newborn B. To prevent hypothermia in the newborn C. To stimulate the newborn’s respiratory effort D. To facilitate early initiation of breastfeeding .

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Promoting bonding between the mother and the newborn is not the primary purpose of this intervention, although it is a beneficial outcome.

Choice B:

Newborns are at a higher risk of losing heat through various mechanisms, such as evaporation, conduction, convection, and radiation.Placing the newborn skin-to-skin with the mother and covering with a dry cloth and a hat helps to conserve heat and prevent cold stress.

Choice C:

Stimulating the newborn’s respiratory effort is not the primary purpose of this intervention, although it may help to reduce apnea and bradycardia.

Choice D:

Facilitating early initiation of breastfeeding is not the primary purpose of this intervention, although it may enhance lactation and milk transfer.

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Question 2:

A nurse is assessing a newborn who has not cried or breathed spontaneously since birth.

The nurse rubs the newborn’s back and feet, but there is no response.

What is the next action that the nurse should take?

A. Perform chest compressions at a rate of 120/min B. Administer oxygen via nasal cannula at 2 L/min C. Provide positive pressure ventilation with a bag and mask D. Suction the newborn’s mouth and nose with a bulb syringe

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Chest compressions are only indicated if the heart rate is below 60 beats per minute after 30 seconds of effective ventilation

Choice B:

Oxygen via nasal cannula is not an appropriate method of delivering oxygen to a non-breathing newborn.

Choice C:

Provide positive pressure ventilation with a bag and mask.

This is because the newborn has not established spontaneous breathing and needs immediate respiratory support.According to the NRP 7th edition, positive pressure ventilation should be initiated within the first minute of life for non-breathing or gasping newborns.

Choice D:

Suctioning the newborn’s mouth and nose with a bulb syringe may cause bradycardia and delay ventilation.

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Question 3:

A nurse is teaching a new mother about the benefits of colostrum, the first breast milk.

Which of the following statements by the mother indicates an understanding of the teaching?

A. “Colostrum will help my baby grow faster and stronger.” B. “Colostrum will protect my baby from getting sick.” C. “Colostrum will make my baby sleep better at night.” D. “Colostrum will prevent my baby from having allergies.” .

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Colostrum does not directly affect the baby’s growth or strength.

It does provide ideal nutrition for a newborn, but it is not the only factor that influences growth and development.

Choice B:

Colostrum contains antibodies and white blood cells that help strengthen the baby’s immune system and fight off infections.Colostrum also coats the baby’s intestines and prevents harmful bacteria from being absorbed.

Choice C:

Colostrum does not make the baby sleep better at night.It does have a laxative effect that helps the baby clear meconium (the first poop) and reduces the risk of jaundice, but this does not affect sleep quality.

Choice D:

Colostrum does not prevent the baby from having allergies.It does contain some factors that may help modulate the immune response and reduce inflammation, but it cannot guarantee that the baby will not develop any allergic reactions.

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Question 4:

A nurse is administering prophylactic eye ointment and vitamin K injection to a newborn within 1 hour of birth.

What are the rationales for these interventions? (Select all that apply.)

A. To prevent ophthalmia neonatorum caused by gonorrhea or chlamydia B. To prevent hemorrhagic disease of the newborn caused by vitamin K deficiency C. To prevent retinopathy of prematurity caused by oxygen toxicity D. To prevent neonatal jaundice caused by bilirubin accumulation E. To prevent neonatal sepsis caused by group B streptococcus .

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

This is a serious eye infection that can lead to blindness if untreated. Prophylactic eye ointment, such as erythromycin, is given to the newborn within 1 hour of birth to prevent this infection.

Choice B:

This is a bleeding disorder that can occur due to low levels of vitamin K, which is essential for blood clotting. Newborns are at risk of vitamin K deficiency because their colon is sterile and they do not produce enough of it. Vitamin K injection is given to the newborn within 1 hour of birth to prevent this disease.

Choice C:

This is incorrect because retinopathy of prematurity is a condition that affects premature infants who receive high levels of oxygen therapy. It causes abnormal blood vessel growth in the retina, which can lead to vision loss. This intervention is not relevant for a term newborn who does not need oxygen therapy.

Choice D:

This is incorrect because neonatal jaundice is a common condition that occurs when the newborn

Choice E:

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Newborns’ Basic Needs

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