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Nitroprusside is a potent vasodilator used to treat hypertensive emergencies, but it is not the first step in managing a drug-induced BP increase from dopamine.

Amiodarone is an antiarrhythmic; a bolus is not indicated for hypertension caused by dopamine.

Discontinuing dopamine entirely may cause hypotension again; the appropriate action is to titrate the dose according to the order.

The subclavian artery is located near the clavicle and is not assessed using the Allen’s test.

The popliteal artery is located behind the knee and is unrelated to arterial line placement in the wrist.

While the radial artery is commonly used for arterial line insertion, the Allen’s test assesses the ulnar artery to ensure collateral circulation is adequate if the radial artery is cannulated.

Enhancing preload increases ventricular filling, which may increase myocardial oxygen demand, not reduce it.

Stimulating the sympathetic nervous system (e.g., with catecholamines) raises heart rate and contractility, which increases myocardial oxygen consumption, potentially worsening ischemia.

Coronary perfusion primarily occurs during diastole, not systole. While improving perfusion is important, the primary goal here is reducing oxygen demand by controlling heart rate.

The vertical spike seen on the ECG represents the pacemaker's electrical stimulus, but capture specifically refers to the heart’s response—not just the spike itself.

Failure to capture occurs when the pacemaker delivers a stimulus without causing depolarization, but this is the opposite of capture.

The pacemaker rate is the pacing rate, not capture. While it is often set above the intrinsic rate, this does not define capture.

The synchronizer switch should be on, not in manual mode, to ensure the shock is delivered during the R wave and avoid inducing ventricular fibrillation. Manual mode is used for defibrillation, not synchronized cardioversion.

Turning the synchronizer off is inappropriate for cardioversion, as the shock must be synchronized with the QRS complex.

Although the client should remain still, cardioversion is painful and generally requires sedation, so this alone is insufficient.

This describes first-degree AV block, where every P wave is conducted to the ventricles, but the PR interval is prolonged.

This describes second-degree type 2 AV block (Mobitz II), where some P waves are not conducted but the PR interval of conducted beats remains constant.

There are never more QRS complexes than P waves in AV block; this pattern is inconsistent with the physiology of AV conduction.

Dopamine primarily increases heart rate and contractility (inotropy), but at higher doses it also causes vasoconstriction, which may increase afterload—not desirable in a patient with heart failure and hypotension.

Epinephrine increases both heart rate and systemic vascular resistance, which could increase afterload and worsen cardiac output in heart failure.

Vasopressin is a potent vasoconstrictor, which raises vascular resistance and may increase afterload, potentially worsening heart failure.

Pain that is relieved by nitroglycerin is more characteristic of angina pectoris, not necessarily an acute myocardial infarction.

Pain that worsens with arm movement is more typical of musculoskeletal causes.

Pain that increases with deep breathing is more consistent with pleuritic pain, such as in pericarditis or pulmonary embolism.

Dopamine primarily increases cardiac output and blood pressure; CVP is normal, so hypotension is not a concern. Reducing dopamine is not indicated.

Epinephrine increases heart rate, contractility, and systemic vascular resistance. SVR is already low, but epinephrine tends to increase SVR at moderate doses, so it is not the primary contributor to low SVR here.

Dobutamine primarily increases cardiac output by enhancing contractility. The patient’s CO is already high, but dobutamine does not significantly decrease SVR.

Biologic valves do not contain metal, so clients generally do not need special precautions when passing through metal detectors.

Routine prophylactic anticoagulation is not required for dental procedures with biologic valves; prophylactic antibiotics may be needed depending on the situation.

Papillary muscle rupture is a rare, acute complication of myocardial infarction, not a routine concern after biologic valve replacement.