Share This Link

Women with a history of STIs are at increased risk for HIV and should be tested; however, limiting testing only to this group would miss many cases. Therefore, this option is incomplete and not the most appropriate answer.

Having multiple sexual partners increases the risk for HIV infection, but prenatal HIV testing is not limited to women with this risk factor. Universal screening is recommended instead.

Even women who are monogamous may be at risk if their partner is infected or has other risk factors. For this reason, monogamy does not eliminate the need for prenatal HIV testing.

The course of urinary frequency during pregnancy is well understood and follows a predictable pattern related to anatomic and hormonal changes. Telling the client there is no way to predict its duration is incorrect and does not provide helpful anticipatory guidance.

Although urinary tract infections are more common during pregnancy, urinary frequency alone is a common, expected finding in early pregnancy. A UTI would more likely present with additional symptoms such as dysuria, urgency, suprapubic pain, fever, or foul-smelling urine. This response is inappropriate because it assumes pathology without supporting evidence and may cause unnecessary anxiety.

Urinary frequency often improves after the first trimester, but it does not permanently resolve at 12 weeks. It commonly reappears in the third trimester due to increased uterine size and fetal descent. Therefore, this statement is incomplete and misleading

A blood pressure of 120/90 mm Hg is not an unexpected finding in a client with preeclampsia receiving treatment. While the diastolic pressure is slightly elevated, it is not severe and does not indicate magnesium toxicity or an urgent complication requiring immediate provider notification.

A respiratory rate of 16 breaths per minute is within the normal adult range (12–20/min). Respiratory depression is a key sign of magnesium sulfate toxicity and is typically defined as a respiratory rate below 12/min. Therefore, this finding is not concerning.

A fetal heart rate baseline of 158/min is within the upper limit of the normal range (110–160/min). Magnesium sulfate can cause minimal fetal heart rate changes, but this value does not indicate fetal distress and does not require provider notification.

A blood pressure of 135/88 mm Hg is elevated but does not meet the diagnostic criteria for preeclampsia, which requires a systolic pressure ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic pressure ≥90 mm Hg on two occasions. This finding alone does not suggest disease progression.

A pulse rate of 80 beats per minute is within the normal adult range (60–100 beats/min) and is not associated with the development of preeclampsia.

Preeclampsia is associated with elevated liver enzymes, reflecting hepatic dysfunction. A decrease in liver enzymes would indicate improvement rather than progression of the condition and is not a concerning sign.

Oxytocin does not have antimicrobial properties and is not used to prevent infection. Infection prevention during the third stage of labor focuses on aseptic technique and monitoring, not uterotonic medications.

Oxytocin is not an analgesic and does not directly relieve maternal pain. Postpartum pain management is addressed with analgesics and nonpharmacologic comfort measures rather than uterine stimulants.

Oxytocin causes uterine contraction, not relaxation. Uterine relaxation would increase the risk of postpartum hemorrhage and is the opposite of the desired physiologic effect during the third stage of labor.

Caput succedaneum is a diffuse edema of the scalp caused by pressure during delivery. It is soft, may feel puffy, and crosses suture lines. It is usually present at birth and resolves within a few days, making this option inconsistent with the findings described.

Molding refers to the temporary shaping of the newborn’s head due to overlapping cranial bones during passage through the birth canal. It affects the overall head shape rather than causing a localized, raised, bruised area and does not present as a firm mass.

The anterior fontanelle is a normal anatomical structure located at the junction of the frontal and parietal bones. It is soft and flat or slightly sunken, not raised or bruised, and is not a pathological finding.

The first number in the documentation represents cervical dilation. A dilation of 6 cm indicates active labor. A dilation of 1 cm would be documented as 1/—/—, not 6, so this interpretation is incorrect.

A presenting part that is 1 cm below the ischial spines would be documented as +1 station. Because the finding is −1 station, this option incorrectly interprets the fetal position.

The second number represents cervical effacement. An effacement of 90% means the cervix is almost completely thinned and ready for delivery. An effacement of 70% does not match the documented finding and is therefore inaccurate.

Deep red or orange vegetables, such as carrots, red peppers, and sweet potatoes, are excellent sources of vitamin A, beta-carotene, and fiber, but they are not significant sources of calcium. While they contribute to overall nutritional intake, relying on them for calcium needs during pregnancy would be inadequate.

White breads and rice primarily provide carbohydrates and some B vitamins if enriched. They contain minimal amounts of calcium and are not effective alternatives for meeting daily calcium requirements, which are about 1,000 mg per day for most pregnant adults.

Meat, poultry, and fish are rich in protein, iron, and other essential nutrients. Certain types of fish, such as canned salmon and sardines with bones, are high in calcium. However, typical servings of meat, poultry, or fish without edible bones do not provide enough calcium to meet daily needs, making them less reliable for this purpose.

Fluid intake should not be limited during phototherapy. In fact, maintaining adequate hydration is important because phototherapy can increase insensible fluid losses through the skin. Limiting fluids could worsen dehydration and hyperbilirubinemia.

Oil-based lotions should be avoided during phototherapy because they can absorb heat and cause skin burns. Newborn skin should be kept clean and dry; mild, water-based moisturizers may be used if necessary after phototherapy.

The newborn’s position should be changed frequently, usually every 2–3 hours, not every 12 hours. Frequent repositioning ensures that all areas of the body are exposed to the light, maximizing bilirubin breakdown and preventing pressure sores.

Profuse, clear vaginal discharge is not characteristic of a hydatidiform mole. Vaginal bleeding associated with this condition is usually dark brown or bright red, often described as “prune juice–like”, rather than clear discharge.

An irregular fetal heart rate would be expected in a viable pregnancy with fetal distress, but a hydatidiform mole involves abnormal trophoblastic proliferation without a viable fetus (in most complete moles), so fetal heart activity is typically absent.

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels are usually markedly elevated, not declining, in a hydatidiform mole due to abnormal proliferation of trophoblastic tissue. A rapid decline in hCG would be expected after treatment, not during initial presentation.