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Choice A is wrong because the family does not need to sign a release form to perform the postmortem care themselves.
There is no legal requirement for this.

Choice B is wrong because a licensed healthcare worker does not have to perform postmortem care.
The family can perform the care themselves if they wish, with or without the assistance of a health care worker.

Choice D is wrong because postmortem care takes place before the client leaves the facility, not after.
Postmortem care should be provided as soon as possible to prevent tissue damage or disfigurement.

This is less likely to cause a false positive result. While ulcers can bleed, the fecal occult blood test is designed to detect small amounts of blood in the stool, not necessarily blood from other sources like venous stasis ulcers. 

Peripheral hematomas are typically not related to the fecal occult blood test. They generally wouldn’t affect the results unless there was significant bleeding or if the hematomas were a result of an underlying bleeding disorder.

Iron supplements can actually cause a false negative result rather than a false positive because they may darken the stool and mask the presence of blood.

Choice B is wrong because contacting the unit’s social worker to report the client’s refusal is not an appropriate action for the nurse to take as a patient advocate.
The nurse should respect the patient’s autonomy and right to refuse treatment, and not involve other professionals without the patient’s consent.

Choice C is wrong because asking the client’s partner to find out why the client has refused the procedure is not an appropriate action for the nurse to take as a patient advocate.
The nurse should communicate directly with the patient and not rely on third parties to obtain information or influence the patient’s decision.

Choice D is wrong because explaining the necessity of the procedure to the client is not an appropriate action for the nurse to take as a patient advocate.
The nurse should not impose their own values or opinions on the patient, but rather provide unbiased and factual information and support the patient’s informed choice.

Choice A is wrong because positioning the client’s arms at his sides is not part of the Sims’ position.
The left arm should be behind the back.

Choice B is wrong because elevating the client’s feet with two pillows is not part of the Sims’ position.
The lower leg should be straightened and the upper leg should be bent.

Choice C is wrong because raising the head of the client’s bed to a 30° angle is not part of the Sims’ position.
The bed should be flat or slightly tilted.

Choice A is wrong because receptive aphasia is a type of fluent aphasia that affects the ability to comprehend language.
People with receptive aphasia have difficulty understanding speech and may produce meaningless words or sentences.

Choice C is wrong because global aphasia is the most severe type of aphasia that affects both the production and comprehension of language.
People with global aphasia cannot speak many words and do not understand speech.
They also cannot read or write.

Choice D is wrong because sensory aphasia is not a common term for a type of aphasia.
It may refer to Wernicke’s aphasia, which is another type of fluent aphasia that affects the ability to produce meaningful language.
People with Wernicke’s aphasia can speak fluently but often use incorrect or invented words or phrases.

Choice A is wrong because a person does not need to have advance directives in order to refuse recommended treatment.
They have the right to accept or decline any medical intervention at any time, as long as they are competent and able to communicate their wishes.

Choice B is wrong because a person does not need an attorney to name a designee in their health care proxy.
A health care proxy is another type of advance directive that appoints a person to make health care decisions for someone else if they are unable to do so.
A health care proxy can be completed without involving a lawyer, as long as it meets the state’s requirements for a valid document.

Choice C is wrong because a living will cannot be an oral statement that a person agrees upon with their provider.
A living will must be in writing and follow the state’s laws for creating legal documents.
Depending on the state, a living will may need to be signed by a witness or notarized.

Choice A is wrong because hypermagnesemia means high magnesium levels in the blood.
Magnesium is another electrolyte that helps with nerve and muscle function, as well as blood pressure and blood sugar regulation.
Hypermagnesemia is rare and usually caused by kidney failure or excessive use of magnesium supplements or laxatives.
Normal magnesium levels are between 1.46 to 2.68 milligram/deciliter.

Choice C is wrong because hypocalcemia means low calcium levels in the blood.
Calcium is an electrolyte that helps with bone health, muscle contraction, blood clotting and nerve signaling.
Hypocalcemia can be caused by vitamin D deficiency, kidney disease, thyroid problems or certain medications.
Normal calcium levels are between 8.8 to 10.7 milligram/deciliter.

Choice D is wrong because hyperkalemia means high potassium levels in the blood.
Potassium is an electrolyte that helps with nerve and muscle function, especially the heart.
Hyperkalemia can be caused by kidney disease, diabetes, adrenal gland disorders or certain medications.
Normal potassium levels are between 3.6 to 5.5 millimole/Liter.

It does not require the client to use upper body strength, as choice A suggests.

The lower end of the sling should go under the client’s thighs, not below the calves, as choice B states.

The correct answer is choice D. This type of device is useful for a client who cannot assist.

The sides of the sling are not for the client to hold on to, but for the caregiver to attach to the hooks on the lift, as choice C implies.

While promising to fulfill commitments is an aspect of maintaining professional integrity, it does not directly demonstrate advocacy. Advocacy is more about actively supporting the client's rights and needs rather than personal dedication to fulfilling promises.

Maintaining the privacy and confidentiality of client information is essential in nursing practice, but it is not specifically related to advocacy. Privacy is a separate ethical principle that focuses on protecting the client's personal information and upholding their right to privacy.

Encouraging clients to make decisions about their health care is important for promoting autonomy. However, advocacy involves actively supporting the client's decisions and ensuring their rights are respected, rather than simply allowing them to make decisions.

because clammy skin is not a typical sign of DVT. It could indicate other conditions such as shock, anxiety, or infection.

because tortuous veins are not a specific indicator of DVT. They could be caused by other factors such as genetics, aging, or varicose veins.

because bradycardia, which is a slow heart rate, is not related to DVT. It could be a normal variation or a sign of heart problems. Normal ranges for heart rate are 60 to 100 beats per minute for adults and 70 to 120 beats per minute for children. Normal ranges for blood pressure are less than 120/80 mm Hg for adults and less than 90/60 mm Hg for children.