Video Library
Ati nurs 180 pharmacology quiz
Total Questions : 21
Showing 10 questions, Sign in for moreA client exposed to anthrax has presented to the healthcare setting. Which of the following medications below is the treatment for this biological exposure?
Explanation
The nurse understands that neomycin may cause serious adverse effects such as ototoxicity and
pseudomembranous colitis.
i. Ototoxicity: Neomycin is part of the aminoglycoside class of antibiotics, which are known to cause ototoxicity, potentially leading to hearing loss, tinnitus, or balance issues. The risk is particularly high in young children or when administered at high doses over long periods.
Rationale for other options:
- Constipation: This is not a known serious adverse effect of neomycin.
- Hypercalcemia: Elevated calcium levels (hypercalcemia) are not typically associated with neomycin use.
- Thrombocytopenia: While aminoglycosides can occasionally cause hematologic effects, thrombocytopenia (low platelet count) is not a common adverse effect of neomycin.
ii. Pseudomembranous colitis: Neomycin, like other antibiotics, can disrupt the normal balance of gut flora, leading to an overgrowth of Clostridioides difficile, which can cause pseudomembranous colitis, a severe inflammatory condition of the colon.
Rationale for other options:
- Hypotrichosis: This refers to reduced hair growth and is not related to neomycin. It can cause hypertrichosis instead.
- Photosensitivity: Neomycin is not known to cause photosensitivity reactions.
- Hyperpigmentation: Neomycin typically causes hypopigmentation.
The charge nurse is performing an Inservice regarding the adverse effects of antibiotic therapy. Which of the following antibiotics should the nurse include regarding the potential to cause QT prolongation?
(Select All that Apply)
A client diagnosed with strep throat requires antibiotics for treatment. With an allergy to penicillin, the nurse understands which medication should be avoided due to cross-sensitivity with penicillin medications?
A client with a leukemia has been placed on methotrexate. Which of the following mechanism of actions below describes this medication?
A nurse is caring for a client recently prescribed doxycycline (Doryx) for the treatment of a urinary tract infection. Which of the following statements below applies to doxycycline (Doryx)?
(Select All that Apply.)
A client diagnosed with trichomoniasis is prescribed metronidazole. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid which contraindication associated with this medication?
A client who is newly diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer is being prepared for chemotherapy. Which of the following adverse effects below should the nurse educate the client regarding chemotherapy?
(Select All that Apply.)
A nurse is providing an Inservice to newly graduated nurses. Which of the following vaccines would the nurse label as "live vaccines" and should be avoided by immunocompromised clients?
Select All that Apply
1400:
Client reports a recent episode of painful sores on the perineum, and muscle aches and chills for about 2 weeks. Client reports having unprotected sexual encounters. Client denies dysuria and reports mild vaginal itching.
Perineum: Vesicular lesions on the labia majora, some crusted, others erythematous and inflamed.
Lymph nodes: Tender, enlarged inguinal lymph nodes bilaterally.
Abdomen: Soft, non-tender. Bowel sounds heard.
Temperature 100.4°F (38°C)
Heart rate 92 bpm
Blood pressure 118/76 mmHg
Respiratory rate 18 breaths/min.
A nurse is caring for a client.
After reviewing the information in the client's medical record, which of the following provider prescriptions should the nurse anticipate? Complete the following sentence by using the list of options.
The nurse should anticipate a provider prescription for
Explanation
Provider Prescription Choices (i):
- Acyclovir: Acyclovir is an antiviral medication that is commonly prescribed to treat infections caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). The client’s symptoms, particularly the painful vesicular sores on the perineum, are classic signs of a genital herpes outbreak.
- Ceftriaxone: Ceftriaxone is an antibiotic commonly used to treat gonorrhea. However, Gonorrhea typically presents with dysuria, urethral or vaginal discharge, and pelvic pain, none of which are reported here.
- Azithromycin: Azithromycin is an antibiotic used to treat chlamydia and other bacterial infections. While chlamydia can cause mild vaginal itching, it doesn’t typically result in painful vesicular sores or systemic symptoms like muscle aches and chills.
- Fluconazole: Fluconazole is an antifungal used to treat yeast infections. While the client reports mild vaginal itching, which could be a sign of a yeast infection, the presence of painful sores, muscle aches, and chills makes a yeast infection unlikely.
Evidence-based Choices (ii):
- Painful vesicular sores on the perineum: Vesicular lesions on the perineum are a hallmark of a genital herpes outbreak. These painful sores are the primary clinical sign of HSV, making antiviral therapy like acyclovir the appropriate treatment.
- Muscle aches and chills: Muscle aches (myalgia) and chills are systemic symptoms that often accompany viral infections, including herpes simplex virus. These symptoms support the suspicion of an active HSV infection, requiring antiviral therapy.
- Enlarged inguinal lymph nodes: Inguinal lymphadenopathy often occurs in response to infections in the genital area, including herpes. Enlarged, tender lymph nodes further indicate a viral infection such as HSV, reinforcing the need for antiviral treatment.
- Low-grade fever: A low-grade fever is a common symptom in many infections, including herpes simplex virus. This, in combination with the client's other symptoms, suggests a viral etiology rather than a bacterial or fungal one, supporting the use of an antiviral like acyclovir.
Sign Up or Login to view all the 21 Questions on this Exam
Join over 100,000+ nursing students using Naxlex’s science-backend flashcards, practice tests and expert solutions to improve their grades and reach their goals.
Sign Up Now
