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Increasing oxalate-rich foods (e.g., spinach, nuts) promotes calcium oxalate stone formation, a common type of kidney stone. Oxalate binds calcium in the urine, increasing crystallization risk, so reducing these foods is recommended to prevent stone recurrence, making this an incorrect dietary modification.

Reducing fluid intake increases urine concentration, promoting stone formation by allowing minerals like calcium and uric acid to precipitate. High fluid intake (2–3 L/day) is essential to dilute urine and prevent stones, so this is an incorrect recommendation for kidney stone prevention.

Limiting carbohydrate intake is not directly related to kidney stone prevention. While high sugar intake may increase urinary calcium, general carbohydrate restriction is less critical than hydration or citrate intake, which directly influence urine chemistry to reduce stone formation risk.

Irritability from steroids results from their impact on the central nervous system, altering neurotransmitter activity like serotonin, leading to mood changes. While bothersome, it poses less immediate risk to the transplanted kidney compared to cardiovascular complications, as it does not directly impair graft function or systemic health in the short term.

Headaches may occur due to steroids causing vascular changes or fluid retention, increasing intracranial pressure. Though uncomfortable, they are typically manageable with analgesics and less critical than hypertension, which directly threatens the kidney graft and cardiovascular system, making them a lower priority in post-transplant monitoring.

Weight loss is not a typical steroid side effect; steroids usually cause weight gain via increased appetite and fluid retention. In post-transplant clients, weight loss might suggest rejection or malnutrition but is less urgent than hypertension, which can damage the graft through elevated vascular pressure and reduced renal perfusion.

Serum bicarbonate of 30 mEq/L is elevated, indicating alkalosis, not acidosis. In acute kidney injury, bicarbonate levels are typically low (<22 mEq/L) due to reduced renal reabsorption, so this finding is inconsistent with the metabolic acidosis expected in AKI, making it incorrect.

Serum potassium of 3.2 mEq/L indicates hypokalemia, which is not typical in acute kidney injury. Hyperkalemia is more common due to impaired potassium excretion, so this low level does not align with AKI’s pathophysiology, where acidosis exacerbates potassium retention, not depletion.

Blood urea nitrogen of 10 mg/dL is normal and not expected in acute kidney injury, where BUN is elevated due to reduced renal clearance of urea. Metabolic acidosis accompanies elevated BUN, so this normal value is inconsistent with AKI’s typical laboratory profile.

Weight loss in acute kidney injury may indicate malnutrition or catabolism due to reduced renal function impairing nutrient metabolism. While concerning, it is less urgent than fluid overload, as it does not immediately threaten cardiovascular or renal stability, but it requires monitoring to prevent further nutritional deficits in the long term.

Itching in the upper chest may result from uremia in acute kidney injury, as accumulated waste products irritate the skin. While uncomfortable, it is less life-threatening than fluid overload, as it does not directly compromise vital organ function, but it signals the need for dialysis to remove toxins.

Abdominal tenderness may suggest inflammation or infection, such as peritonitis, in acute kidney injury. Though significant, it is less immediately life-threatening than fluid overload, which can rapidly lead to cardiovascular complications. Tenderness requires investigation but is a lower priority compared to managing edema and fluid balance.

Wearing a wristwatch on the fistula arm can compress the vascular access, impairing blood flow and risking thrombosis or fistula failure. This could reduce dialysis efficacy or cause complications, so patients are advised to avoid constrictive items on the fistula arm to maintain patency.

Obtaining blood pressure from the fistula arm is contraindicated, as cuff pressure can damage the fistula or cause thrombosis. This disrupts vascular integrity, risking dialysis access failure. Blood pressure should be measured on the opposite arm to protect the fistula’s function and longevity.

Lifting heavy weights with the fistula arm risks trauma or increased pressure, potentially causing fistula rupture or thrombosis. Patients are advised to avoid heavy lifting to maintain fistula integrity, as excessive strain can impair blood flow, compromising dialysis effectiveness and leading to vascular complications.

A glomerular filtration rate of 100 mL/min is within the normal range (>90 mL/min), indicating healthy kidney function. In acute kidney injury, the GFR is typically reduced due to impaired filtration, leading to accumulation of waste products. This finding is not expected and suggests the kidneys are functioning normally.

Hypokalemia is not typical in acute kidney injury; instead, hyperkalemia is common due to impaired potassium excretion by damaged kidneys. Low potassium levels may occur in other conditions like diuretic use but are not expected here, as AKI disrupts the kidneys’ ability to regulate electrolytes effectively.

Weight loss is not a primary finding in acute kidney injury; fluid retention often causes weight gain due to decreased urine output. Weight loss may occur in chronic conditions but is less relevant acutely, as fluid and electrolyte imbalances are more immediate concerns in AKI management.

Taking cyclosporine lifelong is correct, as it prevents transplant rejection by suppressing T-cell activity. This immunosuppressive therapy is essential to maintain graft function, and the client’s understanding reflects accurate knowledge of the need for continuous medication to prevent immune-mediated damage to the transplanted kidney.

Frequent lab monitoring is necessary post-transplant to assess kidney function and drug levels, such as cyclosporine, to prevent toxicity or rejection. The client’s statement shows correct understanding, as regular blood tests (e.g., creatinine, GFR) are critical for detecting early signs of graft dysfunction or complications.

Daily weight monitoring is appropriate to track fluid status, as sudden weight gain may indicate fluid retention or graft issues. The client’s understanding is correct, as this practice helps detect complications early, ensuring timely intervention to maintain kidney function and overall health post-transplant.

Clear dialysate output is expected in peritoneal dialysis, indicating effective fluid and toxin removal without infection or bleeding. It does not suggest complications, as clear effluent reflects normal dialysis function, making this an incorrect choice for a potential complication requiring intervention.

Mild abdominal discomfort during infusion is common in peritoneal dialysis due to fluid pressure or catheter irritation. While it should be monitored, it is not typically a serious complication unless persistent or severe, making it less concerning than cloudy output, which signals infection.

Weight loss of 1 kg daily may reflect fluid removal in peritoneal dialysis, which is expected. Excessive loss could indicate over-dialysis, but cloudy output is more urgent, as it suggests infection, a life-threatening complication requiring immediate attention compared to fluid-related weight changes.