Review ATI Maternal Newborn Exam NUR 200

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ATI Maternal Newborn Exam NUR 200

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Total Questions : 99

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Question 1:

A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance about child development to the parents of a preschooler. Which of the following developmental tasks should the nurse include as being expected of a preschooler?

A. Controls impulsive feelings B. Expresses need for privacy C. Builds a collection of cards D. Participates in imaginary play

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Controls impulsive feelings: Preschoolers are still developing their ability to control impulses. While they may begin to understand the concept of rules and consequences, complete control over impulsive feelings is not typically expected at this stage.

Choice B:

Expresses need for privacy: Preschoolers may begin to show a growing awareness of privacy but may not consistently express this need or fully understand its implications. This is more commonly seen in older children and adolescents.

Choice C:

Builds a collection of cards: Building a collection of cards is not a typical developmental task for preschoolers. While they may engage in collecting objects, the items they collect are often related to their interests and may vary widely.

Choice D:

Participates in imaginary play: Imaginary play is a significant aspect of preschoolers' development. They often engage in make-believe scenarios, role-playing, and using objects symbolically to represent other objects. This type of play fosters creativity, social skills, and cognitive development in preschool-aged children.

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Question 2:

The nurse is performing risk assessments on adolescents in the school setting. Which teen should the nurse screen for hypertension?

A. A Jewish male B. A white male C. An African-American male D. An Asian female

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

A Jewish male. While certain genetic factors may predispose individuals to hypertension, ethnicity or religious affiliation alone is not a direct risk factor for hypertension. Screening for hypertension should be based on individual risk factors and not solely on ethnicity or religion.

Choice B:

A white male. While hypertension can affect individuals of any race or ethnicity, it is less prevalent among white populations compared to African-American populations. However,hypertension can still occur in white males, especially if they have other risk factors such as obesity, family history, or unhealthy lifestyle habits.

Choice C:

An African-American male. African-American individuals, particularly males, have a higher prevalence of hypertension compared to other racial and ethnic groups. Genetic predisposition, as well as socio-economic factors and healthcare disparities, contribute to this increased risk.Therefore, it is important to screen African-American males for hypertension, starting from adolescence, to ensure early detection and management.

Choice D:

An Asian female. While hypertension can affect individuals of Asian descent, the prevalence is generally lower compared to other racial and ethnic groups such as African-Americans. However, certain subgroups within the Asian population, such as South Asians, may have higher rates of hypertension due to genetic and lifestyle factors. Screening for hypertension should be based on individual risk factors rather than broad racial or ethnic categories.

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Question 3:

The nurse is assessing the respiratory system of a newborn. Which anatomic differences place the infant at risk for respiratory compromise? (Select All that Apply.)

A. The nasal passages are narrower. B. The tongue is smaller. C. There are significantly fewer alveoli. D. The larynx is more funnel shaped. E. The trachea and chest wall are less compliant.

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Narrower nasal passages can lead to increased airway resistance and difficulty in breathing, as infants are primarily nasal breathers.

Choice B:

A smaller tongue does not directly contribute to respiratory compromise; however, it can pose a risk for airway obstruction if the tongue falls back against the oropharynx.

Choice C:

Significantly fewer alveoli mean less surface area for gas exchange, which can impair oxygenation and carbon dioxide elimination.

Choice D:

A more funnel-shaped larynx can predispose infants to upper airway obstruction and increase the work of breathing.

Choice E:

Less compliant trachea and chest wall make it harder for the infant to expand the lungs, leading to increased work of breathing and potential respiratory distress.

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Question 4:

A nurse is teaching car seat safety to a parent of an infant who weighs 4.5 kg (10 lb). Which of the following car seat positions should the nurse include in the teaching?

A. Forward-facing in the front passenger seat B. Rear-facing in the back seat next to a window C. Rear-facing in the middle of the back seat D. Forward-facing in the back seat

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Forward-facing in the front passenger seat: This position is not suitable for an infant. Infants should always be placed in a rear-facing car seat in the back seat of the vehicle to reduce the risk of injury in the event of a crash.

Choice B:

Rear-facing in the back seat next to a window: Placing an infant next to a window increases the risk for injury. The safest position for a car seat is in the center of the back seat

Choice C:

Rear-facing in the middle of the back seat: Although the manufacturer of the car seat will provide specifics regarding use, a child should remain in a rear-facing car seat until age 2 or until the child outgrows the height or weight limits of a rear-facing seat

Choice D:

Forward-facing in the back seat: Forward-facing car seats are appropriate for older children, typically after they have outgrown rear-facing car seats based on height and weight requirements.Infants should always ride in a rear-facing car seat until they reach the maximum weight or height limit specified by the car seat manufacturer.

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Question 5:

The nurse teaching safety to teens knows that which of these is the leading cause of death among adolescents?

A. Poisoning B. Drowning C. Unintentional injuries D. Diseases

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Poisoning: While poisoning can be a significant concern among adolescents, it is not theleading cause of death in this age group. Poisoning deaths may occur due to accidental ingestion of toxic substances or intentional overdose, but it is not as common as other causes of deathamong adolescents.

Choice B:

Drowning: Drowning is a concern, especially during recreational activities such as swimming, but it is not the leading cause of death among adolescents. Proper water safety practices and supervision can help prevent drowning incidents.

Choice C:

Unintentional injuries: Unintentional injuries, including motor vehicle accidents, falls, and other accidents, are the leading cause of death among adolescents. Risk-taking behaviors, lack of experience, and peer influence contribute to the high rate of unintentional injuries in this age group.

Choice D:

Diseases: While diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and respiratory disorders can affect adolescents, they are not the leading cause of death in this age group. Unintentional injuries,including those resulting from accidents and trauma, are more common causes of death among adolescents.

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Question 6:

A nurse is caring for a 2-year-old child who is hospitalized and throws a tantrum when his parent leaves. Which of the following toys should the nurse provide to alleviate the child's stress?

A. Set of building blocks B. Toy hammer and pounding board C. Picture book about hospitals D. Stuffed animal

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Set of building blocks: While building blocks can be engaging toys for children, they may not effectively address the emotional needs of a child experiencing distress or separation anxiety. Building blocks are more suitable for activities that promote creativity and fine motor skills.

Choice B:

Toy hammer and pounding boarD. Toys that involve physical activity, such as a toy hammer and pounding board, may not be appropriate for a child experiencing emotional distress. These toys may require energy and concentration that the child may not be able to focus on during a tantrum.

Choice C:

Picture book about hospitals: While a picture book about hospitals may help familiarize the child with the hospital environment, it may not provide immediate comfort during a tantrum. This type of resource may be more beneficial for preparing the child for medical procedures or explaining what to expect during hospitalization.

Choice D:

Stuffed animal: Providing a stuffed animal can offer comfort and reassurance to a child experiencing stress or separation anxiety. A soft and cuddly toy like a stuffed animal can serve as a transitional object, providing emotional support and security when the parent is not present. Children often form attachments to stuffed animals, which can help them cope with unfamiliar or challenging situations.

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Question 7:

A nurse is assessing the fontanels of a crying newborn and notes that the posterior fontanel pulsates and briefly bulges. What do these findings indicate?

A. Increased intracranial pressure B. Dehydration C. Overhydration D. These are normal findings

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Increased intracranial pressurE. Pulsation and bulging of the fontanel may be signs ofincreased intracranial pressure in infants. However, it is important to differentiate between normal fontanel characteristics and abnormal signs of elevated intracranial pressure. In this case, the pulsation and bulging are likely normal responses to crying and changes in intracranial pressure during the newborn period.

Choice B:

Dehydration: Dehydration typically presents with sunken fontanels rather than pulsation and bulging. Dehydration is a serious condition that requires prompt assessment and intervention, but it is not indicated by the findings described in the scenario.

Choice C:

Overhydration: Overhydration is not typically associated with pulsation and bulging of the fontanel. Overhydration may lead to fluid overload and edema but does not directly affect fontanel characteristics.

Choice D:

These are normal findings: Pulsation and brief bulging of the fontanel in response to crying are considered normal findings in newborns. Fontanels allow for the flexibility of the skull bones during childbirth and provide space for brain growth during infancy. Pulsation and bulging may occur temporarily during crying or changes in intracranial pressure and are not necessarilyindicative of pathology.

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Question 8:

The nurse is questioning the parents of a 2-year-old child to obtain a functional history. Which topics might the nurse include? Select all that apply.

A. Use of car seats and other safety measures B. Use of supplements and vitamins C. Prenatal and perinatal histories D. The child's race and ethnicity E. The child's toileting habits

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

The use of car seats and other safety measures is crucial for the child's safety and is a standard part of a functional history to ensure that the child is being protected from common household and travel-related injuries.

Choice B:

The use of supplements and vitamins can significantly impact a child's health, especially at a developmental age, and should be monitored and recorded.

Choice C:

Prenatal and perinatal histories are typically reviewed during initial visits and not necessarily part of a routine functional history for a 2-year-old unless there are ongoing health issues related to birth.

Choice D:

The child's race and ethnicity are important for demographic data but are not typically part of a functional history unless there are specific cultural practices or genetic predispositions that affect the child's health.

Choice E:

The child's toileting habits are an important aspect of their development and daily functioning, and changes or issues in this area can indicate health concerns.

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Question 9:

A nurse is providing nutritional teaching to the mother of a preschooler and is recommending food options to provide 1 oz of grains. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend?

A. 1 cup cooked rice B. 1 cup ready-to-eat cereal flakes C. 1/2 slice whole wheat bread D. 1 1/2 flour tortilla

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

1 cup of cooked rice is equivalent to 2 oz of grains, which is double the recommended amount.

Choice B:

1 cup of ready-to-eat cereal flakes is equivalent to 1 oz of grains, which meets the recommendation precisely.

Choice C:

1/2 slice of whole wheat bread is equivalent to 0.5 oz of grains, which is half the recommended amount.

Choice D:

1 1/2 flour tortilla is equivalent to 3 oz of grains, which is triple the recommended amount.

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Question 10:

The nurse is performing a physical assessment of a 10-year-old boy. The nurse notes that during last year's check-up, the child weighed 80 lb. According to average growth for this age group, what would be his expected current weight?

A. 87 lb B. 81 lb C. 89 lb D. 85 lb

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

87 lb is a reasonable weight for a 10-year-old boy who was 80 lb the previous year, considering the average weight gain is about 10 pounds a year at this age.

Choice B:

81 lb would be a below-average weight gain for a year for a child of this age. C. 89 lb would be an above-average weight gain for a year for a child of this age.

Choice D:

85 lb is within the range but slightly below the average expected weight gain for a year for a child of this age.

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Total Questions : 99

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ATI Maternal Newborn Exam NUR 200

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