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rationale:
Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) is a method of pain management that allows the patient to administer their own pain medication within specified limits, but it doesn't reduce the workload of the nurse. The nurse is responsible for setting up and monitoring the PCA pump, educating the patient, assessing their pain, and ensuring safety. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.

rationale:
PCA does not completely eliminate pain. It provides the patient with control over their pain relief by allowing them to self-administer medication within preset limits. However, it does not guarantee the complete absence of pain. Pain relief is provided within a safe dosage range, but some level of pain may still be experienced. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.

rationale:
PCA does not eliminate the risk of adverse drug effects entirely. The nurse must monitor the patient for signs of adverse effects, such as respiratory depression or sedation. While the patient has control over medication administration, there are still risks associated with opioid analgesics. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.

rationale:
The nurse should prioritize the safety and autonomy of the patient. Allowing the partner to decide when more medication is needed is not appropriate. Patients who use PCA pumps are educated about how to use them and should have control over their pain management. The partner should call the nurse for assistance, but the patient should ultimately make the decision regarding additional medication.

rationale:
Questioning the partner's judgment is not the most appropriate response in this situation. Patients may require pain relief even while sleeping, and the partner may be aware of the patient's pain pattern or needs. However, it's essential to involve the patient in the decision-making process.

rationale:
While it's important to ensure the patient's comfort, this response does not prioritize the patient's autonomy or involve the patient in the decision-making process. The patient should have control over when to administer more analgesia, with assistance from the nurse as needed.

Taking a warm bath before trying to go back to sleep is a relaxation technique that may help with sleep but does not address the underlying causes of insomnia. It is more of a short-term coping strategy rather than a method for locating the reasons for the insomnia.

Reviewing times in her life when she had no insomnia is not a practical approach to addressing the current issue of insomnia. It does not help in identifying the specific factors or triggers contributing to the patient's current sleep problems.

Discussing the problem with her friends may provide emotional support but is unlikely to help identify the root causes of the insomnia. Friends may offer advice or share their experiences, but a structured approach like keeping a sleep diary is more likely to yield valuable information.

Bradycardia, a slow heart rate, is not typically associated with acute pain. In response to pain, the body usually experiences increased heart rate (tachycardia) as part of the stress response.

A decreased respiratory rate is not an expected finding in response to acute pain. Acute pain often leads to increased respiratory rate as the body attempts to manage the pain and stress.

Hypoglycemia, a low blood sugar level, is not a typical physiological response to acute pain. Acute pain is more likely to induce a release of stress hormones, such as cortisol and adrenaline, which can lead to increased blood sugar levels.

Some older adults may indeed have concerns about taking pain medication, but this is not a primary reason for their hesitance to express pain. The fear of taking medication is not a universal characteristic of older adults.

While older adults may be reluctant to bother nursing staff, this is not the primary reason for their reluctance to express pain. It is a consideration but not the main factor.

The unawareness of discomfort is not a common reason for older adults to avoid expressing pain. Most older adults are aware of their discomfort but may not express it for other reasons.

The FACES pain rating scale for children is not typically used for infants, as it relies on a child's ability to point to or describe their pain using facial expressions.

The Premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP) Scale is used primarily for preterm infants and not typically for all newborns. It is more specific to certain populations.

The FLACC Scale (Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability) is used for assessing pain in young children who may not be able to self-report. It's not specific to infants, and the NIPS is more appropriate for this population.

rationale:
While an abdominal binder may indirectly contribute to back support by stabilizing the abdominal area, its primary purpose is to support the surgical site. Enhancing early ambulation is more related to patient mobility and not the primary purpose of the binder.

rationale:
Abdominal binders do not increase warmth to the incision site. In fact, excessive warmth can lead to sweating and moisture, potentially increasing the risk of infection. The primary purpose is to provide support.

rationale:
An abdominal binder does not keep sutures and staples in place. The sutures and staples are used to secure the incision, and the binder is placed over them to provide support and compression. However, the binder itself is not responsible for keeping sutures and staples in place. .

rationale:
Fairness. Fairness in nursing pertains to treating all patients equally and without bias. It involves providing care based on need and not discriminating against any patient. While fairness is an essential component of professionalism, in the context of evaluating the effectiveness of pain medication, the focus is on individual patient care rather than a fairness issue.

rationale:
Responsibility. Responsibility in nursing is about being accountable for one's actions and duties. While assessing the effectiveness of pain medication is the responsibility of the nurse, it does not encompass the broader concept of professionalism being assessed in this question.

rationale:
Confidence. Confidence is an important attribute for a nurse, but it is not the primary component being demonstrated in this scenario. Confidence may be needed to carry out the assessment, but it does not capture the essence of professionalism.

False. Giving older adults hypnotics to induce better sleep is not a recommended approach as it may have adverse effects, including dependency and increased risk of falls. The focus should be on understanding and addressing the underlying causes of sleep disturbances in older adults.

False. While it is important to assess and address sleep concerns in older adults, there is no fixed requirement of needing at least 10 hours of sleep a day to prevent fatigue. Sleep needs can vary, and older adults may require less sleep than younger individuals.

False. Older adults may nap more during the day, but reducing daytime napping is not a guaranteed solution to improve nighttime sleep. Sleep patterns can change with age, and individual variations in sleep needs and habits should be considered.

False. Pain should not be assessed only for patients who complain of pain. Pain assessment should be a routine part of patient care, as not all patients may be able to verbalize their pain or may underreport it. Identifying and addressing pain is crucial for patient well-being.

False. Pain treatment does not necessarily end at discharge. The management of pain may continue beyond the hospital setting, and a plan for pain management post-discharge may be needed. This ensures that patients receive appropriate pain relief and support during their recovery.

False. Pain treatment is not solely based on objective data collected by the nurse. Pain is a subjective experience, and it is essential to consider the patient's self-report of pain, in addition to any objective data, when determining the appropriate treatment. Objective data can help, but it should not be the sole basis for pain management.

Keeping bright lights on in the room is not conducive to relaxation. Bright lights can be stimulating and may increase stress, which is counterproductive when trying to manage pain through relaxation techniques.

Using relaxation techniques as a way to wake up in the morning is not the intended purpose of these techniques. Relaxation techniques are typically used to reduce stress, anxiety, and pain, especially when one is trying to rest or sleep.

Trying to tense and relax all of the muscles of the body at the same time may be difficult for most individuals and is not a commonly recommended relaxation technique. It can be challenging to achieve the level of focus and control required for this method, and it may not be as effective as focusing on individual muscle groups.