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Attending the hospital’s orientation program: Orientation programs are designed to familiarize newly hired staff with institutional policies, procedures, and workflows. While necessary, orientation is considered initial job training.

Obtaining information about the facility’s new computer charting system: Learning to use a new charting system is an example of in-service education specific to institutional processes.

Talking with a company representative about a new piece of equipment: This interaction may provide useful information, but it’s informal and lacks the structure or educational depth typical of continuing education programs.

Administering immunizations: Immunizations are a form of disease prevention. Disease prevention focuses on avoiding specific illnesses, while health promotion emphasizes broader lifestyle and environmental improvements that enhance overall health.

Giving a bath is part of basic hygiene and comfort care, not health promotion. Although important for maintaining cleanliness, it does not empower the client or actively promote long-term health behaviors.

Performing diagnostic procedures: Diagnostic procedures are related to early detection and diagnosis of disease. While important in the healthcare process, they do not constitute health promotion, as they are reactive rather than proactive.

Clinical nurse specialist (CNS): A CNS is an advanced practice nurse who provides expert clinical advice in a specialized area such as pediatrics, oncology, or critical care.

Nurse practitioner (NP): Nurse practitioners are advanced practice nurses who diagnose and treat health conditions, often working in primary care or specialty clinics.

Nurse educators focus on teaching nursing students and staff, developing curricula, and promoting academic excellence in nursing education. While they may educate about violence-related issues, they are not directly involved in advocacy or forensic investigation.

National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN) develops the NCLEX examinations and works with state boards to regulate nursing licensure and discipline. However, it does not define or administer the professional standards of care for nursing practice.

The American Medical Association (AMA) sets professional guidelines for physicians and advocates for issues in medicine. It does not develop standards of care for nursing and is not involved in nursing-specific practice regulations.

National Institutes of Health (NIH) is a government agency focused on biomedical and public health research. While it supports evidence-based healthcare through research, it does not establish or administer professional standards for nursing care.

Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS): A CNS is an advanced practice nurse who specializes in a particular area of nursing (e.g., pediatrics, oncology, critical care) and focuses on improving patient outcomes through consultation, education, research, and system improvement.

A case manager coordinates comprehensive care plans for patients, ensuring efficient use of resources and appropriate care transitions. They do not diagnose or treat patients and do not perform physical exams or order tests.

A nurse manager is responsible for supervising nursing staff, budgeting, scheduling, and ensuring compliance with policies. They typically do not provide direct patient care such as diagnosing or ordering tests in their administrative role.

atient-centered care involves recognizing the patient or designee as the source of control and full partner in providing compassionate and coordinated care based on respect for the patient's preferences, values, and needs.

afety is a QSEN competency focused on minimizing risk of harm to patients and providers through both system effectiveness and individual performance.

Teamwork and collaboration: This competency refers to functioning effectively within nursing and interprofessional teams, fostering open communication and shared decision-making.

Improves self-health care: While nurses are encouraged to care for their own health, the primary purpose of the Code of Ethics is to guide professional practice in relation to patient care, not personal wellness.

Protects the patient’s confidentiality: Protecting confidentiality is one of the ethical responsibilities outlined in the Code, but it is not the main purpose. The Code encompasses much broader ethical principles.

Ensures identical care to all patients: The goal of ethical nursing care is equitable care based on individual patient needs, not identical care. The Code promotes fairness and justice, which may involve tailoring care based on each patient’s unique circumstances.

Educator: While the nurse does provide information to the family about the surgery, the primary focus in this scenario is not education for the sake of learning, but rather to support the patient’s decision.

Caregiver: A caregiver provides hands-on physical and emotional care. Although this is always a part of nursing, this scenario highlights a more interpersonal and ethical role - advocating for the patient's wishes, not direct care.

Communicator: Effective communication is vital in nursing, especially in emotionally charged situations. However, in this context, communication is being used as a tool to fulfill the advocacy role, not as the central action itself.

Advocate: Advocacy involves speaking up for the patient’s rights or wishes, especially in decision-making or when conflict arises. While important, there is no indication in this scenario that the nurse is resolving a conflict or defending the patient’s choices.

Caregiver: The caregiver role involves direct provision of care, such as changing the dressing themselves. In this case, the nurse is not doing the dressing change, but instead teaching how to do it.

Communicator: While communication is necessary for effective teaching, the main focus here is education and skills training - not simply exchanging information or building rapport.

Do a meta-analysis of related studies: A meta-analysis requires conducting a systematic review, advanced literature searching, and statistical pooling of results. It demands substantial methodological and statistical expertise and time.

Conduct a research study: Designing and running a study involves protocol development, ethics (IRB) approval, data collection, analysis, and often funding-high resource and time demands make it more difficult than being a consumer.

Participate on your institution’s internal review board: Serving on an IRB requires institutional appointment, training in research ethics/regulations, and ongoing meeting obligations. It’s important work but not the lowest-barrier way to engage.

Validate traditional nursing practices: While EBP may confirm the effectiveness of some traditional practices, validation is not its main purpose. Instead, it evaluates all practices-traditional or new-against current scientific evidence.

Dispute traditional nursing practices: EBP does not aim to discredit tradition for its own sake. However, if evidence shows that a traditional practice is ineffective or harmful, EBP encourages modifying or replacing it. The focus is on patient benefit, not on opposing tradition.

Establish a body of knowledge unique to nursing: Building a nursing knowledge base is part of nursing research, which contributes to EBP. However, EBP itself focuses on applying knowledge (from nursing and other disciplines) to improve care, not solely on creating nursing-specific knowledge.