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Mild anxiety is characterized by tension or nervousness that is noticeable but does not significantly impair daily functioning. A HAM-A score of 20 exceeds the typical cutoff for mild anxiety, suggesting more pronounced symptom severity.

Minimal anxiety refers to very low levels of anxious symptoms, often with minimal physiological or cognitive impact. A score of 20 indicates a higher level of distress than would be considered minimal.

Severe anxiety involves intense distress and impairment in daily functioning. A HAM-A score of 20 is below the threshold for severe anxiety, which typically starts at higher scores.

NDI can be linked to genetic mutations, particularly X-linked forms, which predominantly affect males. This makes this statement correct.

NDI is characterized by normal or even elevated ADH levels because the kidney fails to respond appropriately, leading to excessive urination.

A hallmark of NDI is the production of large volumes of dilute urine, which is a direct result of renal insensitivity to ADH.

The MMR vaccine is contraindicated during pregnancy because it is a live attenuated vaccine, which could pose a risk to the fetus.

The Varicella vaccine is also live attenuated and not recommended during pregnancy; vaccination is advised prior to conception.

The MenB vaccine is generally not part of routine prenatal immunization unless there is a specific risk factor.

Providing limited information without consent still breaches patient confidentiality and legal protections under HIPAA.

Health insurance coverage does not give a parent the right to access a patient’s medical details; legal protections ensure patient privacy.

Telling the father to make an appointment does not resolve the confidentiality issue and could lead to inappropriate disclosure.

This response could be interpreted as accusatory or judgmental and does not provide educational value.

Testing recommendations are not solely based on sexual activity; universal testing guidelines exist for adolescents to identify HIV early.

Minimizing the information with a vague reassurance fails to educate the parent and could lead to misunderstanding the purpose of testing.

Tinea versicolor is a superficial fungal infection causing hypopigmented or hyperpigmented skin patches, not purplish lesions.

Squamous cell carcinoma typically presents as raised, scaly, or ulcerated lesions rather than purplish patches.

Addison disease can cause hyperpigmentation but usually presents as diffuse bronzing rather than discrete purplish lesions on the face and oral mucosa.

Adjustment disorder involves emotional or behavioral symptoms in response to a stressor but does not include dissociation or multiple identities.

Schizotypal personality disorder involves eccentric behavior, perceptual distortions, and odd beliefs but does not include distinct identities or memory gaps.

Malingering is intentional production of false symptoms for external gain, whereas this patient demonstrates involuntary dissociative experiences.

Claustrophobia may cause discomfort or anxiety during MRI, but it is not an absolute contraindication; sedation or open MRI can be used.

Essential hypertension is not a contraindication; blood pressure is monitored but MRI can still be performed safely.

Intrauterine devices are generally safe for MRI; they may cause minor artifact but do not pose significant risk.

Lamictal metabolism is affected by valproate; failing to adjust the dose increases the risk of toxicity.

Doubling the dose would increase the risk of serious adverse effects, including life-threatening rash.

The two medications are not contraindicated; they can be used together with proper dose adjustment.

Changing the diaper addresses normal fussiness but would not address serious underlying pathology.

Feeding is appropriate for normal crying due to hunger but not for a concerning high-pitched cry.

Dismissing the symptom as normal could delay recognition of a potentially serious condition.