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Droplet precautions are used for larger respiratory droplets (e.g., influenza, meningitis) that travel short distances, not TB.

Protective precautions are used for immunocompromised clients (e.g., those with neutropenia) to protect them from infection, not for clients with TB.

Contact precautions are used for infections spread by direct contact (e.g., MRSA, C. difficile), not airborne TB.

Doubling the next dose after missing one is unsafe and increases the risk of toxicity.

TB treatment must continue for the entire prescribed duration (often 6–12 months); stopping early can lead to relapse and drug resistance.

Skipping doses, even on weekends, decreases treatment effectiveness and increases the risk of multidrug-resistant TB.

Applying a cold compress to the chest does not relieve dyspnea or help mobilize secretions.

Lying flat worsens breathing by reducing lung expansion; COPD patients should be positioned upright to ease ventilation.

Fluid intake should be increased to 2,000–2,500 mL/day (unless contraindicated) to thin secretions; reducing to 500 mL daily would worsen secretion clearance.

Short-acting inhalers (rescue inhalers, e.g., albuterol) can be used before exercise to prevent exercise-induced bronchospasm, but they are not meant for long-term control.

Long-acting inhalers (e.g., salmeterol, formoterol) do not replace short-acting inhalers; patients still need rescue inhalers for acute symptoms.

Short-acting inhalers are not taken daily; they are used only as needed for quick relief of acute symptoms.

Medications should be taken as prescribed, not only when symptoms are severe, to prevent exacerbations.

Physical activity should not be completely avoided; with proper management, patients with asthma can usually remain active.

A high-caffeine diet is not recommended as a management strategy for asthma.

Rhonchi are low-pitched, snoring-like sounds caused by secretions in the larger airways.

Crackles are intermittent, popping sounds heard when air passes through fluid-filled or collapsed alveoli, common in conditions like pneumonia or heart failure.

Stridor is a harsh, high-pitched sound heard primarily during inspiration, often indicating upper airway obstruction.

Stridor indicates upper airway obstruction, not a pneumothorax.

Wheezing suggests narrowed airways, commonly seen in asthma or COPD, not pneumothorax.

Crackles are associated with fluid in the alveoli, such as in pneumonia or heart failure, not pneumothorax.

Fluid intake should be increased, not restricted, to help thin secretions and make them easier to expectorate.

Clients with COPD benefit from a high-protein, high-calorie diet to maintain energy and muscle strength, not a low-protein diet.

Exercise and activity should be scheduled for later in the day when energy levels are higher, not during early morning hours when fatigue and bronchial secretions are often worse.

Positioning the client in high-Fowler’s improves ventilation but is not the highest priority in reversing bronchospasm.

Providing rest is supportive but does not address the immediate airway compromise.

Oxygen therapy may be needed, but it does not relieve bronchospasm; bronchodilator administration takes priority in an acute asthma attack.

Respiratory alkalosis occurs with hyperventilation (e.g., anxiety, early asthma attack), not with COPD.

Metabolic alkalosis usually results from vomiting, gastric suction, or excessive antacid use, not COPD.

Metabolic acidosis occurs in conditions like diabetic ketoacidosis or renal failure, not primarily with COPD.