A. "Skeletal traction has less risk for infection than skin traction."

This statement is not accurate. Both skeletal and skin traction carry some risk of infection, but the risk factors and considerations are different for each. Skeletal traction involves pins or wires directly inserted into the bone, and while the risk of infection is present, it is not necessarily lower than that of skin traction.

B. "Clients in skin traction have more mobility than those in skeletal traction."

This statement is not accurate. Skeletal traction, involving the use of weights and pins or wires inserted into the bone, tends to provide more stable immobilization. Skin traction, which relies on external devices applied to the skin's surface, may allow for some limited mobility but is generally not as effective as skeletal traction.

C. "Skeletal traction is better than skin traction for reducing a fracture."

This is the correct statement. Skeletal traction is often more effective in providing a stable and controlled environment for reducing and immobilizing fractures.

D. "Clients in skin traction have more discomfort than those in skeletal traction."

This statement is not necessarily accurate. Discomfort can vary depending on the individual, the type of fracture, and other factors. Both skeletal and skin traction may cause some discomfort, and it's important to assess and manage the client's pain appropriately in either case.

A. Keep the prosthesis in direct contact with the residual limb.

This statement is incorrect. Prosthetic care typically involves using a liner or sock between the residual limb and the prosthesis. This helps to provide cushioning, absorb sweat, and reduce friction, contributing to comfort and preventing skin irritation.

B. Apply a moisturizing lotion or oil to the stump daily.

Moisturizing the skin on the residual limb is generally advisable to prevent dryness and irritation. However, it's crucial to ensure that the skin is completely dry before attaching the prosthesis. Moisturizing can help maintain skin health and comfort.

C. Dry the prosthesis socket completely before applying it to the limb.

This statement is correct. Ensuring that the prosthesis socket is thoroughly dry before application is crucial to prevent skin irritation and ensure a secure fit. Moisture between the skin and the prosthesis can contribute to discomfort and skin-related issues.

D. Expect some skin irritation from the prosthesis.

While it is common to experience minor skin irritation initially as the individual adjusts to the prosthesis, persistent or severe irritation should be addressed. The goal is to achieve a proper fit and minimize skin-related problems through appropriate care and adjustments.

A. Close the curtains around the client’s bed.

Closing the curtains around the client's bed is a practical way to maintain the client's privacy during a bed bath. This action provides a visual barrier, ensuring that the client is shielded from the view of others in the room.

B. Close the door of the client’s room.

Closing the door is another way to enhance privacy, but it may not be as feasible in all situations. Closing the curtains provides immediate visual privacy without necessarily closing off the entire room.

C. Ask family members to leave the room.

This option is appropriate if family members are present and their presence is not essential for the bed bath. Asking them to step out temporarily can enhance the client's privacy.

D. Use a blanket to cover the client.

While using a blanket is a way to cover and provide modesty during the bed bath, closing the curtains is a more direct measure to maintain visual privacy. Blankets can be used as needed during the bed bath process.

A. Reduction of the fracture:

Buck's traction is not primarily intended for the reduction (realignment) of the fractured bones. While it may help maintain proper alignment, the primary goal is to provide temporary immobilization and relieve muscle spasms until more definitive treatment, such as surgery, can be performed.

B. Relief from muscle spasms:

This is the correct answer. Buck's traction is commonly used to alleviate muscle spasms associated with hip fractures. The traction force helps to relax the muscles, reduce pain, and maintain the alignment of the fractured bones.

C. Alignment of the pins:

Buck's traction does not involve the insertion of pins into the bone. It uses a boot attached to the leg, and the traction force is applied externally to the limb to achieve the desired therapeutic effects.

D. Support for moving the extremity:

Buck's traction is not intended to support active movement of the extremity. Instead, it provides temporary immobilization to prevent further injury and facilitate the healing process before more definitive interventions, such as surgery, are undertaken.

A. The stockings are used to reduce pain.

This statement is not accurate. While antiembolism stockings may provide some relief from discomfort and swelling, their primary purpose is to prevent venous stasis and reduce the risk of blood clots, not to directly reduce pain.

B. The stockings prevent varicose veins.

This statement is not entirely accurate. While compression stockings can provide some support to veins, their primary role is in preventing blood clots (venous thromboembolism) rather than preventing varicose veins, which are typically related to venous insufficiency.

C. The stockings prevent venous stasis.

This is the correct answer. Antiembolism stockings are specifically designed to prevent venous stasis, which refers to the slowing or stagnation of blood flow in the veins. They exert gentle pressure on the legs to enhance blood circulation and reduce the risk of blood clots.

D. The stockings replace the need for postoperative leg exercises.

This statement is not accurate. While antiembolism stockings are a preventive measure, they do not replace the need for postoperative leg exercises. Leg exercises are important for promoting circulation, preventing complications such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and maintaining overall mobility after surgery.

A. Discuss a referral to home health and hospice care with the client and family.

This is the correct answer. Discussing a referral to home health and hospice care addresses the client's expressed desire to go home and provides the necessary support and care for both the client and the family during this challenging time.

B. Contact the social worker to assist with nursing home placement.

This option may not align with the client's wish to go home. Nursing home placement may not be the preferred choice, especially when the client wants to spend their final days in a home setting.

C. Talk with the provider about extending the client’s hospital stay.

Prolonging the hospital stay may not meet the client's expressed wish to go home and may not provide the same level of comfort and support as home health and hospice care.

D. Instruct the family about meeting the client’s palliative care needs at home.

While providing information about meeting palliative care needs at home is important, it is more comprehensive to involve home health and hospice services, which can provide skilled care, emotional support, and assistance to the family in managing the client's care needs at home.

A. "I’ll apply ice to my ankle for 20 minutes every hour."

This is the correct choice. Applying ice for a specified duration (20 minutes) every hour is a standard recommendation for managing swelling and pain associated with an ankle sprain. It helps reduce inflammation and provides relief.

B. "I’ll rewrap my ankle starting from the knee down."

This statement indicates a misunderstanding. When rewrapping an ankle, it should be done from the bottom (proximal) to the top (distal) to provide proper compression. Starting from the knee down is not the correct technique.

C. "I’ll walk on my ankle for 10 minutes every hour."

This statement may indicate a misunderstanding or potential for harm. Immediate weight-bearing or walking on an injured ankle, especially after a sprain, is generally not recommended. Rest is often a key component of initial management.

D. "I’ll put a heating pad on my ankle at bedtime tonight."

This statement may indicate a misunderstanding. Heat is not typically recommended in the initial stages of treating an acute injury like an ankle sprain, as it may increase inflammation. Ice (cold therapy) is usually the preferred modality early on to reduce swelling and pain.

A. "Eating yogurt can help decrease gas odor that I have."
This is the correct choice. Yogurt contains probiotics, which can contribute to a healthy balance of bacteria in the digestive system, potentially reducing gas odor associated with a colostomy.

B. "I should eliminate pasta from my diet so that I don’t have as many loose stools."
This statement is incorrect. Pasta, as a general rule, is not associated with causing loose stools. Dietary adjustments should be individualized, and specific triggers for loose stools vary among individuals.

C. "My largest meal of the day should be in the evening."
While meal timing can vary based on personal preferences and lifestyle, there is no strict rule that the largest meal must be in the evening. It depends on individual habits and dietary needs.

D. "Carbonated beverages can help control odor."
This statement is incorrect. Carbonated beverages are not typically associated with controlling odor related to a colostomy. In fact, they may contribute to increased gas production, potentially exacerbating odor issues.

A. Assign an assistive personnel to feed the client.

This option involves assigning someone else to feed the client. While it may ensure that the client receives adequate nutrition, it does not promote independence. The client may prefer to feed themselves if given the opportunity.

B. Explain that the tray is here and place the client’s hands on the tray.

While explaining the presence of the tray is helpful, physically placing the client's hands on the tray is a more direct form of assistance. It takes away the opportunity for the client to explore and locate items independently.

C. Describe to the client the location of the food on the tray.

This is the correct choice. Describing the location of the food on the tray allows the client to use their remaining senses, such as touch and hearing, to independently locate and eat their food.

D. Ask the client if she would prefer a liquid diet.

This option is related to dietary preferences but does not directly address the issue of promoting independence in eating. It focuses more on the type of diet rather than the manner in which the client can independently manage their meals.

A. Electrolyte imbalances

Administering diluted enteral feedings is not typically done to address electrolyte imbalances. Instead, monitoring the electrolyte levels in the patient's blood and adjusting the content of the enteral formula (such as adjusting the concentration of electrolytes) would be more appropriate.

B. Diarrhea

Administering diluted enteral feedings is a strategy that may be employed to prevent or manage diarrhea. High concentrations of nutrients can overwhelm the gastrointestinal tract, leading to diarrhea. Diluting the formula helps reduce the risk of this complication.

C. Constipation

Administering diluted enteral feedings is not typically done to address constipation. Management of constipation is more commonly achieved through adjustments in fiber intake, fluid intake, and medications as needed.

D. Delayed gastric emptying

Administering diluted enteral feedings is not a standard approach for addressing delayed gastric emptying. Instead, adjustments in the rate of enteral feedings or specific interventions for delayed gastric emptying, such as medication or changes in positioning, would be considered.