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Enters the aorta; exits the pulmonary veins: The aorta and pulmonary veins both handle oxygenated blood, not deoxygenated blood, making this incorrect.

Enters the superior or inferior vena cava; exits the coronary arteries: The coronary arteries supply the heart muscle itself with oxygenated blood, so this is incorrect for deoxygenated blood.

Enters the pulmonary veins; exits the aorta: Both the pulmonary veins and the aorta are part of the oxygenated blood circuit, making this incorrect for deoxygenated blood flow.

Inferior phrenic artery: This artery supplies blood to the diaphragm, not the large intestine or rectum.

Gonadal artery: The gonadal arteries supply blood to the reproductive organs, such as the ovaries or testes, not the large intestine.

Renal artery: The renal arteries supply blood to the kidneys and are unrelated to the blood supply of the large intestine or rectum.

Increased afterload: Increased afterload, the resistance the heart must overcome to eject blood, typically reduces stroke volume because the heart has to work harder to push blood against higher pressure.

Decreased heart contractility: This would reduce stroke volume, as the heart would be less effective at pumping blood.

Decreased blood pressure: While low blood pressure may reduce afterload, it doesn't directly increase stroke volume unless other factors are at play.

Blood fills the left ventricle and empties the right: This refers to the ventricles, not the atria, so it is incorrect in the context of atrial diastole.

Blood fills the right atrium and empties the left: This is incorrect because both atria fill with blood during atrial diastole.

Both the left and right atria are emptied of blood: This describes atrial systole (contraction), not diastole.

Brachiocephalic artery: This artery supplies blood to the upper body, including the head, neck, and right arm, but not the lower limbs.

Splenic artery: The splenic artery supplies the spleen, and it has no direct role in supplying blood to the lower limb.

Common hepatic artery: This artery supplies the liver, not the lower limbs.

Endocardium: The endocardium is the innermost layer of the heart wall, lining the chambers and valves, and is not in contact with pericardial fluid.

Fibrous pericardium: This is the outermost layer of the pericardium but is not part of the heart wall. It provides protection and support but does not come into direct contact with pericardial fluid.

Myocardium: The myocardium is the middle muscular layer responsible for heart contractions and is not in contact with pericardial fluid.

This allows for red blood cell formation to occur: Red blood cells are formed in the bone marrow, not in capillaries.

There is no blood pressure within the capillaries: There is still blood pressure within capillaries, although it is lower than in arteries, so this is incorrect.

Blood does not travel through capillaries: Blood does indeed travel through capillaries as part of the circulatory system.

Blood pumped into a ventricle in one minute: This describes venous return but not cardiac output.

Blood pumped into the atria in one minute: Cardiac output measures blood leaving the heart, not entering the atria.

Blood pumped out of an atrium in one minute: This describes atrial function but is not related to the definition of cardiac output.

Eosinophil: Eosinophils are involved in allergic reactions and parasitic infections, but they are not responsible for B and T cell functions.

Basophil: Basophils are involved in inflammatory responses, particularly releasing histamine, but do not include B or T cells.

Monocyte: Monocytes are large white blood cells that develop into macrophages but do not include B or T cells.