The school nurse identified 12 students with confirmed cases of influenza A. The families of the children are advised to keep the children home for a minimum of 5 to 7 days. Which of the following is an appropriate action by the nurse?
Discipline in the school setting for improper handwashing.
Education regarding respiratory and hand hygiene.
Running a mandatory flu clinic.
Closing the school for 6 weeks.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Discipline in the school setting for improper handwashing is not an appropriate action by the nurse, as it may not prevent the spread of influenza or promote healthy behaviors. Influenza is a viral infection that affects the respiratory system and can be transmitted by direct or indirect contact with respiratory droplets from an infected person. Handwashing is one of the most effective ways to prevent the transmission of influenza and other infectious diseases, but it requires proper technique, frequency, and duration. The nurse should not punish or blame the students for their handwashing habits but rather educate and encourage them to wash their hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, especially before and after eating, after using the bathroom, after coughing or sneezing, and after touching potentially contaminated surfaces.
Choice B reason: Education regarding respiratory and hand hygiene is an appropriate action by the nurse, as it helps to prevent the spread of influenza and promote healthy behaviors. The nurse should provide accurate and relevant information to the students, staff, and parents about the causes, symptoms, prevention, and treatment of influenza. The nurse should also teach and demonstrate proper respiratory and hand hygiene practices, such as covering the mouth and nose with a tissue or elbow when coughing or sneezing, disposing of used tissues in a trash can, washing hands frequently with soap and water or using alcohol-based hand sanitizer, avoiding touching the eyes, nose, and mouth, and staying away from sick people.
Choice C reason: Running a mandatory flu clinic is not an appropriate action by the nurse, as it may not be feasible, ethical, or effective in preventing influenza. Influenza vaccination is one of the best ways to prevent influenza and its complications, but it requires informed consent, adequate supply, trained personnel, and appropriate timing. The nurse cannot force or coerce anyone to receive the flu vaccine without their permission or against their wishes. The nurse should respect the autonomy and preferences of the students, staff, and parents, and provide them with evidence-based information about the benefits and risks of influenza vaccination. The nurse should also collaborate with the health department and other community partners to organize voluntary flu clinics that are accessible, affordable, and convenient for those who want to receive the vaccine.
Choice D reason: Closing the school for 6 weeks is not an appropriate action by the nurse, as it may not be necessary, practical, or beneficial in preventing influenza. Influenza outbreaks can vary in severity, duration, and impact depending on several factors, such as the strain of the virus, the level of immunity in the population, the availability of vaccines and antiviral medications, and the implementation of preventive measures. The nurse should monitor the situation closely and follow the guidance of the health authorities regarding school closure decisions. The nurse should also consider the potential consequences of school closure on the student's education, socialization, nutrition, safety, and mental health. The nurse should weigh the benefits and harms of school closure against other alternatives, such as increasing ventilation, cleaning and disinfecting surfaces, screening for symptoms, isolating sick students or staff members, reducing class size or mixing groups.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: The integumentary system is a portal of entry for anthrax because the bacteria can enter through cuts or abrasions on the skin. This is called cutaneous anthrax, and it is the most common and least deadly form of anthrax infection.
Choice B reason: The endocrine system is not a portal of entry for anthrax because the bacteria do not affect the glands or hormones of the body. The endocrine system is mainly involved in regulating metabolism, growth, development, and reproduction.
Choice C reason: The central nervous system is a portal of entry for anthrax because the bacteria can spread to the brain and spinal cord from other parts of the body. This is called meningeal anthrax, and it is a rare and fatal complication of anthrax infection.
Choice D reason: The renal system is not a portal of entry for anthrax because the bacteria do not infect the kidneys or urinary tract. The renal system is mainly involved in filtering waste products and excess fluids from the blood.
Choice E reason: The respiratory system is a portal of entry for anthrax because the bacteria can be inhaled into the lungs. This is called inhalation anthrax, and it is the most deadly form of anthrax infection.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Natural history of disease is not an approach that explains the factors that allow the reproduction and spread of infectious disease. Natural history of disease is a concept that describes the progression and outcome of disease in the absence of any intervention. It includes stages such as susceptibility, exposure, incubation, prodrome, clinical, recovery, disability, or death.
Choice B reason: Health promotion is not an approach that explains the factors that allow the reproduction and spread of infectious diseases. Health promotion is a process that enables people to increase control over and improve their health. It involves strategies such as education, advocacy, policy, or community development.
Choice C reason: Levels of prevention is not an approach that explains the factors that allow the reproduction and spread of infectious disease. Levels of prevention is a framework that classifies different types of interventions based on their timing and purpose. It includes primary prevention (before disease occurs), secondary prevention (early detection and treatment), and tertiary prevention (reducing complications and disabilities).
Choice D reason: Epidemiologic triangle is an approach that explains the factors that allow the reproduction and spread of infectious disease. Epidemiologic triangle is a model that identifies three essential components of an infectious disease: agent (the microorganism that causes the disease), host (the person or animal that is infected), and environment (the physical, biological, or social factors that influence the transmission). The interaction and balance among these components determine the occurrence and spread of an infectious disease.
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