A community health nurse is conducting an educational program on various environmental pollutants. The nurse should emphasize that clients who have which of the following disorders are especially vulnerable to ozone effects?
Mitral valve disease
Asthma
Nasal polyps
Seasonal allergies
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Mitral valve disease is not a disorder that makes clients especially vulnerable to ozone effects, as it does not affect the respiratory system. Mitral valve disease is a condition that affects the mitral valve, which is the valve that separates the left atrium and the left ventricle of the heart. Mitral valve disease can cause the valve to become narrow (stenosis) or leaky (regurgitation), affecting the blood flow and oxygen delivery to the body. Mitral valve disease can cause symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, chest pain, palpitations, and swelling of the legs.
Choice B reason: Asthma is a disorder that makes clients especially vulnerable to ozone effects, as it affects the respiratory system. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory condition that causes the airways to become narrow, swollen, and sensitive to triggers such as allergens, irritants, infections, or exercise. Asthma can cause symptoms such as wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, and difficulty breathing. Ozone is a gas that is formed when sunlight reacts with pollutants in the air. Ozone can irritate the lungs and worsen asthma symptoms by causing inflammation, bronchoconstriction, and mucus production. Ozone can also reduce lung function and increase the risk of respiratory infections.
Choice C reason: Nasal polyps are not a disorder that makes clients especially vulnerable to ozone effects, as they do not affect the respiratory system. Nasal polyps are benign growths that form in the lining of the nose or sinuses. Nasal polyps can cause symptoms such as nasal congestion, runny nose, postnasal drip, loss of smell or taste, headache, and snoring. Nasal polyps are usually associated with chronic inflammation or allergies, but their exact cause is unknown.
Choice D reason: Seasonal allergies are not a disorder that makes clients especially vulnerable to ozone effects, as they do not affect the respiratory system. Seasonal allergies are allergic reactions that occur during certain times of the year when pollen or mold spores are high in the air. Seasonal allergies can cause symptoms such as sneezing, itching, watery eyes, runny nose, and sore throat. Seasonal allergies are caused by an overreaction of the immune system to harmless substances in the environment.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: It is a tool that is used to determine your maximum level of self-sufficiency as the appropriate nursing response, as it accurately describes the purpose and function of the FIM. The FIM measures how much assistance you need to perform 18 activities of daily living, such as eating, dressing, toileting, walking, and communicating. The FIM helps to evaluate your functional status, monitor your progress, and plan your rehabilitation goals and interventions. ¹²³
Choice B reason: It is a test that determines which activities you feel most comfortable performing is not an appropriate nursing response, as it does not reflect the objective and standardized nature of the FIM. The FIM is not a subjective or self-reported measure of your preferences or comfort level, but rather an observational and rating scale that assesses your actual performance and independence in various tasks. The FIM uses a 7-point ordinal scale that ranges from 1 (total assistance) to 7 (complete independence) and requires trained and certified raters to administer and score it. ¹²³
Choice C reason: It is a tool used by insurance companies to determine qualifications for medical reimbursement is not an appropriate nursing response, as it does not capture the primary purpose and benefit of the FIM. The FIM is not a financial or administrative tool that determines your eligibility or coverage for medical services, but rather a clinical and research tool that measures your functional outcomes and quality of care. The FIM provides a uniform system of measurement for disability based on the International Classification of Impairment, Disabilities, and Handicaps and allows for comparison and evaluation of different rehabilitation programs and settings. ¹²³
Choice D reason: It is a tool that is used to assess what services you will need a home health aide to perform for you is not an appropriate nursing response, as it does not reflect the comprehensive and multidimensional scope of the FIM. The FIM is not a specific or limited tool that assesses only your home care needs or dependence on others, but rather a general and broad tool that assesses your functional abilities and disabilities in various domains and environments. The FIM covers both motor and cognitive aspects of functioning, such as comprehension, expression, social interaction, problem-solving, and memory. The FIM can be used with all diagnoses within rehabilitation and can be applied across different levels and settings of care.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Natural history of disease is not an approach that explains the factors that allow the reproduction and spread of infectious disease. Natural history of disease is a concept that describes the progression and outcome of disease in the absence of any intervention. It includes stages such as susceptibility, exposure, incubation, prodrome, clinical, recovery, disability, or death.
Choice B reason: Health promotion is not an approach that explains the factors that allow the reproduction and spread of infectious diseases. Health promotion is a process that enables people to increase control over and improve their health. It involves strategies such as education, advocacy, policy, or community development.
Choice C reason: Levels of prevention is not an approach that explains the factors that allow the reproduction and spread of infectious disease. Levels of prevention is a framework that classifies different types of interventions based on their timing and purpose. It includes primary prevention (before disease occurs), secondary prevention (early detection and treatment), and tertiary prevention (reducing complications and disabilities).
Choice D reason: Epidemiologic triangle is an approach that explains the factors that allow the reproduction and spread of infectious disease. Epidemiologic triangle is a model that identifies three essential components of an infectious disease: agent (the microorganism that causes the disease), host (the person or animal that is infected), and environment (the physical, biological, or social factors that influence the transmission). The interaction and balance among these components determine the occurrence and spread of an infectious disease.
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