An occupational health nurse in the clinic of an industrial plant is developing a guidebook for clinic workers. Which of the following actions should the nurse include as a secondary prevention strategy?

Collaborate with a physical therapist to develop programs for injured employees to return to work

Help plant workers identify signs of carpal tunnel syndrome

Organize an influenza immunization campaign

Teach plant workers about proper lifting techniques

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A: Collaborate with a physical therapist to develop programs for injured employees to return to work. This is incorrect because this is a tertiary prevention strategy, not a secondary prevention strategy. Tertiary prevention aims to restore function and prevent disability or complications after an injury or illness has occurred.

Choice B: Help plant workers identify signs of carpal tunnel syndrome. This is correct because this is a secondary prevention strategy. Secondary prevention aims to detect and treat health problems early before they become more serious or chronic. Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common occupational health problem that can cause pain, numbness, and weakness in the hand and wrist. Early identification and treatment can prevent permanent nerve damage and disability.

Choice C: Organize an influenza immunization campaign. This is incorrect because this is a primary prevention strategy, not a secondary prevention strategy. Primary prevention aims to prevent disease or injury from occurring in the first place, by reducing exposure or risk factors. Influenza immunization can protect plant workers from getting infected by the flu virus and reduce the spread of the disease.

Choice D: Teach plant workers about proper lifting techniques. This is incorrect because this is also a primary prevention strategy, not a secondary prevention strategy. Proper lifting techniques can prevent musculoskeletal injuries such as sprains, strains, and herniated discs, by avoiding excessive stress on the spine and joints.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Gradual onset of several hours is not a manifestation of a hemorrhagic stroke. A hemorrhagic stroke occurs when a blood vessel in the brain bursts, causing bleeding into the surrounding tissue. This usually happens suddenly and without warning, and can cause rapid deterioration of the client's condition.

Choice B reason: Maintains consciousness is not a manifestation of a hemorrhagic stroke. A hemorrhagic stroke can cause increased intracranial pressure, which can compress the brain and impair its function. This can lead to loss of consciousness, coma, or death.

Choice C reason: Sudden severe headache is a manifestation of a hemorrhagic stroke. A hemorrhagic stroke can cause intense pain in the head, neck, or face, due to the pressure and irritation of the bleeding. The headache may be described as "the worst headache of my life" or "thunderclap headache".

Choice D reason: History of neurologic deficits lasting less than 1 hr. is not a manifestation of a hemorrhagic stroke. This is a characteristic of a transient ischemic attack (TIA), which is also known as a mini-stroke. A TIA occurs when a blood clot temporarily blocks an artery in the brain, causing temporary symptoms such as weakness, numbness, vision loss, or speech difficulty. A TIA does not cause permanent damage to the brain, but it is a warning sign of a possible future stroke.

A. Fluconazole (Diflucan) B. Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) C. Varenicline (Chantix) D. Potassium iodide (KI)

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Fluconazole (Diflucan) is an antifungal medication that is used to treat infections caused by fungi, such as candidiasis, cryptococcosis, and histoplasmosis. It is not effective against anthrax, which is a bacterial infection caused by Bacillus anthracis.

Choice B reason: Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) is an antibiotic medication that belongs to the class of fluoroquinolones. It is used to treat various bacterial infections, including anthrax. It works by inhibiting the DNA synthesis of the bacteria and preventing them from multiplying. Ciprofloxacin is one of the recommended medications for post-exposure prophylaxis and treatment of anthrax, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

Choice C reason: Varenicline (Chantix) is a medication that is used to help people quit smoking. It works by blocking the effects of nicotine on the brain and reducing the cravings and withdrawal symptoms. It has no role in the prevention or treatment of anthrax.

Choice D reason: Potassium iodide (KI) is a medication that is used to protect the thyroid gland from radioactive iodine in the event of a nuclear or radiological emergency. It works by saturating the thyroid with non-radioactive iodine and preventing it from absorbing radioactive iodine. It has no role in the prevention or treatment of anthrax.

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An occupational health nurse in the clinic of an industrial plant is developing a guidebook for clinic workers. Which of the following actions should the nurse include as a secondary prevention strategy?

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