The patient's family is asking questions about the medications used in the treatment for shock. The nurse explains that dopamine is one of the drugs being used and that it works:

(Select All that Apply.)

At high doses, to treat anaphylaxis.

At high doses, to increase cardiac output.

At low doses, to cause increased blood flow to the kidneys.

At low doses, to treat anaphylaxis.

To cause vasoconstriction and increase blood pressure.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,C,E

A. At high doses, to treat anaphylaxis: Dopamine is not used to treat anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis is typically managed with medications such as epinephrine, antihistamines, and corticosteroids.

B. At high doses, to increase cardiac output: Dopamine is a medication commonly used in the treatment of shock, particularly in cases of hypotension. At higher doses, dopamine acts as a positive inotrope and increases cardiac contractility, thereby improving cardiac output and increasing blood pressure.

C. At low doses, to cause increased blood flow to the kidneys: At lower doses, dopamine primarily acts on dopaminergic receptors in the renal vasculature, leading to vasodilation of the renal blood vessels and increased renal perfusion. This can help improve renal blood flow and urine output, making it beneficial in cases of renal hypoperfusion or acute kidney injury.

D. At low doses, to treat anaphylaxis: Dopamine is not used to treat anaphylaxis at any dose. Anaphylaxis is managed with medications such as epinephrine, which acts on multiple receptors to reverse the systemic effects of the allergic reaction.

E. To cause vasoconstriction and increase blood pressure: Dopamine can also cause vasoconstriction, particularly at higher doses. This effect is mediated through its action on alpha-adrenergic receptors, leading to peripheral vasoconstriction and an increase in systemic vascular resistance, which in turn helps increase blood pressure.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) Treatment with PPIs to decrease stomach acid:
Pancreatic insufficiency is not primarily related to excess stomach acid production, so treatment with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) to decrease stomach acid would not address the underlying cause of the condition.

B) Treatment with stimulant laxatives:
Pancreatic insufficiency is not typically associated with constipation or the need for stimulant laxatives. While malabsorption of fats due to pancreatic insufficiency can lead to loose stools or diarrhea, treatment with laxatives is not indicated for this condition.

C) Replacement therapy with pancreatic enzymes.
Pancreatic insufficiency is a condition where the pancreas does not produce enough digestive enzymes to properly digest food. Replacement therapy with pancreatic enzymes is the mainstay of treatment for pancreatic insufficiency. These pancreatic enzyme supplements help in the digestion and absorption of nutrients from food by compensating for the deficient enzymes produced by the pancreas. By taking pancreatic enzyme supplements with meals, the client can improve digestion and prevent malnutrition associated with pancreatic insufficiency.

D) Decrease food intake:
Decreasing food intake would not address the underlying cause of pancreatic insufficiency, which is the deficiency of pancreatic enzymes needed for proper digestion. In fact, decreasing food intake could exacerbate malnutrition and nutrient deficiencies in individuals with pancreatic insufficiency. The primary goal of treatment is to improve digestion and nutrient absorption by providing supplemental pancreatic enzymes with meals.

A. 250 mL/hr and 45 drops/min B. 200 mL/hr and 45 drops/min C. 200 mL/hr and 50 drops/min D. 250 mL/hr and 50 drops/min

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

To calculate the rate of administration in milliliters per hour (mL/hr):

First, find the total volume to be infused: 1000 mL

Next, divide the total volume by the total time in hours: 1000 mL ÷ 5 hours = 200 mL/hr

Therefore, you will administer the solution at a rate of 200 mL/hr.

To calculate the rate of administration in drops per minute (drops/min):

First, find the total drops: 1000 mL × 15 drops/mL = 15,000 drops

Next, divide the total drops by the total time in minutes: 15,000 drops ÷ (5 hours × 60 minutes/hour) = 50 drops/min

Therefore, you will administer the solution at a rate of 200 mL/hr and 50 drops/min.

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The patient's family is asking questions about the medications used in the treatment for shock. The nurse explains that dopamine is one of the drugs being used and that it works: (Select All that Apply.)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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Explanation

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The patient's family is asking questions about the medications used in the treatment for shock. The nurse explains that dopamine is one of the drugs being used and that it works:

(Select All that Apply.)