The patient's family is asking questions about the medications used in the treatment for shock. The nurse explains that dopamine is one of the drugs being used and that it works:

(Select All that Apply.)

At high doses, to treat anaphylaxis.

At high doses, to increase cardiac output.

At low doses, to cause increased blood flow to the kidneys.

At low doses, to treat anaphylaxis.

To cause vasoconstriction and increase blood pressure.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,C,E

A. At high doses, to treat anaphylaxis: Dopamine is not used to treat anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis is typically managed with medications such as epinephrine, antihistamines, and corticosteroids.

B. At high doses, to increase cardiac output: Dopamine is a medication commonly used in the treatment of shock, particularly in cases of hypotension. At higher doses, dopamine acts as a positive inotrope and increases cardiac contractility, thereby improving cardiac output and increasing blood pressure.

C. At low doses, to cause increased blood flow to the kidneys: At lower doses, dopamine primarily acts on dopaminergic receptors in the renal vasculature, leading to vasodilation of the renal blood vessels and increased renal perfusion. This can help improve renal blood flow and urine output, making it beneficial in cases of renal hypoperfusion or acute kidney injury.

D. At low doses, to treat anaphylaxis: Dopamine is not used to treat anaphylaxis at any dose. Anaphylaxis is managed with medications such as epinephrine, which acts on multiple receptors to reverse the systemic effects of the allergic reaction.

E. To cause vasoconstriction and increase blood pressure: Dopamine can also cause vasoconstriction, particularly at higher doses. This effect is mediated through its action on alpha-adrenergic receptors, leading to peripheral vasoconstriction and an increase in systemic vascular resistance, which in turn helps increase blood pressure.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) Respirations rate:
Respiratory rate is an important vital sign to monitor in patients with shock, as respiratory distress can indicate inadequate oxygenation. However, blood pressure is generally considered more critical to assess initially in the context of shock because it directly reflects tissue perfusion and oxygen delivery.

B) Heart rate:
Heart rate is an important vital sign to monitor in patients with shock, as tachycardia (rapid heart rate) may indicate the body's compensatory response to maintain cardiac output and tissue perfusion. However, blood pressure is generally considered more critical to assess initially in the context of shock because it directly reflects tissue perfusion and oxygen delivery.

C) Blood pressure.
In shock, the body's vital organs are not receiving adequate blood flow and oxygen, leading to a life-threatening condition. While all vital signs are important to monitor in a patient experiencing shock, blood pressure is typically considered the most critical because it reflects the perfusion pressure—the force driving blood through the circulatory system to deliver oxygen and nutrients to the body's tissues. A decrease in blood pressure can indicate inadequate tissue perfusion and impending organ failure. Therefore, timely assessment and monitoring of blood pressure are essential for identifying and managing shock effectively.

D) Temperature:
Temperature monitoring is important in assessing for signs of infection or other systemic issues that may contribute to shock, such as sepsis. However, blood pressure is generally considered more critical to assess initially in the context of shock because it directly reflects tissue perfusion and oxygen delivery.

Correct Answer is ["Antidiarrheals"]

Explanation

Antidiarrheal medications are the most effective drugs for controlling severe diarrhea. These medications work by slowing down bowel movements and reducing the frequency and liquidity of stools. The two main types of antidiarrheal drugs are:

Loperamide: Loperamide is an over-the-counter antidiarrheal medication that works by slowing down the movement of the intestines and reducing the frequency of bowel movements. It is effective for treating acute diarrhea and traveler's diarrhea.

Bismuth subsalicylate: Bismuth subsalicylate is another over-the-counter medication that can help control diarrhea. It works by reducing inflammation in the intestines and slowing down the passage of stools. Bismuth subsalicylate also has antimicrobial properties, which may help in cases of infectious diarrhea.

These medications are often used in combination with rehydration therapy to manage severe diarrhea effectively. However, it is important to use antidiarrheal medications cautiously and under the guidance of a healthcare professional, as they may not be suitable for all individuals, especially those with certain medical conditions or those taking other medications. Additionally, it is essential to address the underlying cause of diarrhea, especially if it persists or worsens despite treatment with antidiarrheal medications. Consulting a healthcare provider is recommended for proper diagnosis and management of severe diarrhea.

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The patient's family is asking questions about the medications used in the treatment for shock. The nurse explains that dopamine is one of the drugs being used and that it works: (Select All that Apply.)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

In the plan of care, the most important intervention for a patient experiencing shock is assessing:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

. ........................are the most effective drugs for controlling severe diarrhea.

Correct Answer is ["Antidiarrheals"]

Explanation

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The patient's family is asking questions about the medications used in the treatment for shock. The nurse explains that dopamine is one of the drugs being used and that it works:

(Select All that Apply.)