A nurse is assisting in the care of a client who is receiving a dopamine infusion at a low dose for treatment of shock. Which of the following findings is an expected effect of this medication?
Lowered heart rate
Decreased conduction through the AV node
Increased urine output
Vasoconstriction of renal blood vessels
The Correct Answer is C
A) Lowered heart rate:
Dopamine typically increases heart rate as it acts on beta-adrenergic receptors in the heart, leading to increased cardiac contractility and chronotropy. However, at low doses, the effect on heart rate may be minimal compared to higher doses.
B) Decreased conduction through the AV node:
Dopamine may have minimal effects on conduction through the atrioventricular (AV) node, especially at low doses. It primarily acts on adrenergic receptors to increase cardiac contractility and heart rate.
C) Increased urine output.
Dopamine is a medication commonly used to treat shock by improving cardiac output and blood pressure. At low doses, dopamine primarily acts on dopamine receptors in the renal blood vessels, causing vasodilation and increased renal blood flow. This increased renal blood flow leads to increased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and urine output. Therefore, increased urine output is an expected effect of dopamine infusion at low doses in the treatment of shock.
D) Vasoconstriction of renal blood vessels:
At low doses, dopamine primarily acts on dopamine receptors in the renal blood vessels, causing vasodilation and increased renal blood flow. Vasoconstriction of renal blood vessels is more commonly associated with higher doses of dopamine or with other vasopressor medications such as norepinephrine or phenylephrine.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
To calculate the rate of administration in milliliters per hour (mL/hr):
Given the total volume to be infused: 1000 mL
Given the total time for infusion: 5 hours
Divide the total volume by the total time to find the rate of administration per hour:
1000 mL ÷ 5 hours = 200 mL/hr
Therefore, the rate of administration will be 200 mL/hr.
To calculate the rate of administration in drops per minute (drops/min):
Given the drop factor: 15 drops/mL
Given the total volume to be infused: 1000 mL
Given the total time for infusion: 5 hours
First, find the total drops:
Total drops = Total volume × Drop factor
Total drops = 1000 mL × 15 drops/mL = 15,000 drops
Next, find the rate of drops per minute:
Rate of drops per minute = Total drops ÷ Total time in minutes
As there are 5 hours in total, we multiply by 60 to convert hours to minutes:
Rate of drops per minute = 15,000 drops ÷ (5 hours × 60 minutes/hour) = 50 drops/min
Therefore, the rate of administration will be 200 mL/hr and 50 drops/min.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A) A client who has a kidney stone:
Misoprostol is not contraindicated in clients who have kidney stones. Kidney stones are not a known contraindication for the use of misoprostol.
B) A client who is pregnant.
Misoprostol is a medication commonly used to prevent gastric ulcers in individuals who are taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for conditions such as osteoarthritis. However, it is contraindicated in pregnant women due to its potential to cause uterine contractions, leading to miscarriage or preterm labor. Misoprostol is classified as a pregnancy category X medication, meaning that there is clear evidence of fetal risk based on human or animal studies, and its use is contraindicated during pregnancy.
C) A client who has a urinary tract infection:
Misoprostol is not contraindicated in clients who have urinary tract infections. Urinary tract infections are not a known contraindication for the use of misoprostol.
D) A client who has osteoarthritis:
Misoprostol is commonly used in clients with conditions such as osteoarthritis to prevent NSAID-induced gastric ulcers. Osteoarthritis is not a contraindication for the use of misoprostol when indicated for gastric ulcer prevention in individuals taking NSAIDs.
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