A nurse is assisting with the care of four clients who have peptic ulcer disease. The nurse should identify that misoprostol (Cytotec) is contraindicated for which of the following clients?
A client who has a kidney stone
A client who is pregnant
A client who has a urinary tract infection
A client who has osteoarthritis
The Correct Answer is B
A) A client who has a kidney stone:
Misoprostol is not contraindicated in clients who have kidney stones. Kidney stones are not a known contraindication for the use of misoprostol.
B) A client who is pregnant.
Misoprostol is a medication commonly used to prevent gastric ulcers in individuals who are taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for conditions such as osteoarthritis. However, it is contraindicated in pregnant women due to its potential to cause uterine contractions, leading to miscarriage or preterm labor. Misoprostol is classified as a pregnancy category X medication, meaning that there is clear evidence of fetal risk based on human or animal studies, and its use is contraindicated during pregnancy.
C) A client who has a urinary tract infection:
Misoprostol is not contraindicated in clients who have urinary tract infections. Urinary tract infections are not a known contraindication for the use of misoprostol.
D) A client who has osteoarthritis:
Misoprostol is commonly used in clients with conditions such as osteoarthritis to prevent NSAID-induced gastric ulcers. Osteoarthritis is not a contraindication for the use of misoprostol when indicated for gastric ulcer prevention in individuals taking NSAIDs.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A) H2-receptor blockers:
H2-receptor blockers, such as ranitidine and famotidine, are used to reduce the production of stomach acid. While they can provide symptomatic relief for ulcers by reducing acid secretion, they do not directly treat the underlying cause of the ulcer, which is the H. pylori infection.
B) Antacids:
Antacids are medications that neutralize stomach acid and can provide temporary relief from ulcer symptoms such as pain and discomfort. However, they do not eradicate the H. pylori bacteria or address the root cause of the ulcer. Antacids only provide symptomatic relief rather than treating the infection.
C) Proton-pump inhibitors:
Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs), such as omeprazole and pantoprazole, are potent acid-suppressing medications that are commonly used to treat ulcers and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). While they can help in ulcer healing by reducing acid secretion and providing symptomatic relief, they are not effective in eradicating H. pylori infection. PPIs are often used in combination with antibiotics for H. pylori eradication therapy, but they are not the primary treatment on their own.
D) Antibiotics.
H. pylori (Helicobacter pylori) is a bacteria that commonly infects the stomach lining and is a major cause of gastric and duodenal ulcers. Antibiotics are the primary treatment for H. pylori infection. The antibiotics kill the bacteria, allowing the ulcer to heal. Common antibiotics used to treat H. pylori include amoxicillin, clarithromycin, metronidazole, and tetracycline.
Correct Answer is ["28"]
Explanation
To calculate the IV infusion rate in drops per minute (gtt/min), you can use the following formula:
IV infusion rate (gtt/min) =(Total volume (mL)×Drop factor (gtt/mL)) / Total time (min)
Given:
Total volume = 1000 mL
Drop factor = 10 gtt/mL
Total time = 6 hours = 6 hours × 60 minutes/hour = 360 minutes
Substitute the given values into the formula:
IV infusion rate (gtt/min) = (1000mL×10gtt/mL)/360 min
IV infusion rate (gtt/min) = 10,000/360
IV infusion rate (gtt/min)≈27.78gtt/min
Rounding to the nearest whole number, the IV infusion rate is approximately 28 gtt/min
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