The nurse is teaching a client about digestion. Which statement reflects that the client understands the teaching?

The amount of blood pumped by the heart through the circulatory system in 1 minute.

Smooth muscle movement of the GI tract by way of contractions.

Neutralization by use of bicarbonate from pancreatic and biliary secretions.

It is the process when food is broken down into molecules that can be absorbed.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A) "The amount of blood pumped by the heart through the circulatory system in 1 minute."
This statement describes cardiac output, which is the volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute, and is not directly related to digestion.

B) "Smooth muscle movement of the GI tract by way of contractions."
This statement describes peristalsis, which is the rhythmic contraction of smooth muscles in the gastrointestinal tract that propels food and waste materials through the digestive system. While peristalsis is an important aspect of digestion, it does not encompass the entire process.

C) "Neutralization by use of bicarbonate from pancreatic and biliary secretions."
This statement refers to the neutralization of acidic chyme from the stomach by bicarbonate ions released from pancreatic and biliary secretions in the duodenum. While this process is a part of digestion, it specifically addresses the regulation of pH rather than the breakdown of food molecules into absorbable forms.

D) "It is the process when food is broken down into molecules that can be absorbed."
This statement accurately describes digestion, which is the process by which complex food molecules are broken down into simpler forms (such as carbohydrates into sugars, proteins into amino acids, and fats into fatty acids and glycerol) that can be absorbed and utilized by the body. Digestion occurs in various stages along the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and involves the action of enzymes, acids, and mechanical processes to facilitate the breakdown of food into absorbable nutrients.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) H2-receptor blockers:
H2-receptor blockers, such as ranitidine and famotidine, are used to reduce the production of stomach acid. While they can provide symptomatic relief for ulcers by reducing acid secretion, they do not directly treat the underlying cause of the ulcer, which is the H. pylori infection.

B) Antacids:
Antacids are medications that neutralize stomach acid and can provide temporary relief from ulcer symptoms such as pain and discomfort. However, they do not eradicate the H. pylori bacteria or address the root cause of the ulcer. Antacids only provide symptomatic relief rather than treating the infection.

C) Proton-pump inhibitors:
Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs), such as omeprazole and pantoprazole, are potent acid-suppressing medications that are commonly used to treat ulcers and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). While they can help in ulcer healing by reducing acid secretion and providing symptomatic relief, they are not effective in eradicating H. pylori infection. PPIs are often used in combination with antibiotics for H. pylori eradication therapy, but they are not the primary treatment on their own.

D) Antibiotics.
H. pylori (Helicobacter pylori) is a bacteria that commonly infects the stomach lining and is a major cause of gastric and duodenal ulcers. Antibiotics are the primary treatment for H. pylori infection. The antibiotics kill the bacteria, allowing the ulcer to heal. Common antibiotics used to treat H. pylori include amoxicillin, clarithromycin, metronidazole, and tetracycline.

A. Decreased cardiac output. B. Increased afterload. C. Increased cardiac output. D. Slowing of the heart rate.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Decreased cardiac output: Inotropic medications are intended to improve cardiac function and increase cardiac output, so monitoring for signs of decreased cardiac output would be contrary to the expected therapeutic effect of these medications.

B. Increased afterload: Inotropic medications primarily affect the contractility of the heart muscle and do not typically have a direct effect on afterload (the force against which the heart must pump blood). While changes in afterload can occur as a secondary consequence of altered cardiac function, monitoring for signs of increased afterload would not be the primary focus after administering an inotropic medication.

C. Increased cardiac output.
Inotropic medications are drugs that affect the contractility of the heart muscle. They are often used in the management of shock to improve cardiac function and increase cardiac output. Therefore, after administering an inotropic medication, the nurse would monitor the patient for signs of increased cardiac output, such as improved peripheral perfusion, increased blood pressure, and resolution of signs and symptoms of shock.

D. Slowing of the heart rate: Inotropic medications can affect heart rate indirectly by altering cardiac output, but their primary effect is on contractility rather than heart rate. Monitoring for signs of bradycardia (slowing of the heart rate) may be appropriate in certain clinical situations, but it is not the primary consideration after administering an inotropic medication for shock.

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The nurse is teaching a client about digestion. Which statement reflects that the client understands the teaching?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

An ulcer caused by H. pylori can be successfully treated with which classification of drugs?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

After administering an inotropic medication to a patient in shock, the nurse monitors the patient for signs of:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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A nurse is caring for a client who has asthma. The client asks the nurse how albuterol helps his breathing. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the response? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse is assisting in the care of a client who is receiving a dopamine infusion at a low dose for treatment of shock. Which of the following findings is an expected effect of this medication?

A client presents with shock in the hospital, and has a history of a recent infection. What does the nurse suspect that this client is experiencing?

A nurse is reinforcing teaching a client who has peptic ulcer disease and is starting therapy with sucralfate. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

Which type of laxative causes peristalsis by irritating the bowel?

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