A client presents with shock in the hospital, and has a history of a recent infection. What does the nurse suspect that this client is experiencing?
Cardiogenic shock
Neurogenic shock
Hypovolemic shock
Septic shock
The Correct Answer is D
A) Cardiogenic shock:
Cardiogenic shock occurs when the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs, often due to myocardial infarction (heart attack) or other conditions affecting the heart's function. The client's history of a recent infection does not align with the etiology of cardiogenic shock.
B) Neurogenic shock:
Neurogenic shock occurs due to dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system, typically as a result of spinal cord injury or severe brain injury. It is characterized by widespread vasodilation and bradycardia. The client's history of a recent infection does not align with the etiology of neurogenic shock.
C) Hypovolemic shock:
Hypovolemic shock occurs due to a significant loss of blood volume, such as from trauma, hemorrhage, or dehydration. While infection can lead to fluid loss and dehydration in some cases, the client's history of a recent infection suggests a different etiology, specifically septic shock, which is driven by the systemic inflammatory response to infection.
D) Septic shock.
Septic shock is a type of distributive shock caused by a systemic response to infection. It occurs when an infection triggers a widespread inflammatory response, leading to vasodilation, increased capillary permeability, fluid loss from the bloodstream, and impaired tissue perfusion. The client's history of a recent infection suggests that the shock may be septic in nature.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","D","E"]
Explanation
A. Family history: Having a family history of peptic ulcers increases the risk of developing the condition, suggesting a genetic predisposition.
B. Blood type A: There is no direct association between blood type A and peptic ulcer disease.
C. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) intake for pain: Acetaminophen is generally considered safe for pain relief and is not a significant risk factor for peptic ulcer disease. However, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen are known to increase the risk of peptic ulcers.
D. Smoking tobacco: Smoking tobacco is a significant risk factor for peptic ulcer disease. Tobacco use increases stomach acid production, weakens the protective lining of the stomach and duodenum, and impairs the healing of ulcers.
E. Drinking caffeine: While caffeine consumption alone may not directly cause peptic ulcers, excessive intake of caffeinated beverages such as coffee, tea, and soda can aggravate existing ulcers by stimulating stomach acid production and increasing gastric acidity.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A) Montelukast:
Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA) used as a controller or maintenance medication for asthma. It is not used for the immediate relief of asthma symptoms during an acute attack. Montelukast is taken regularly to prevent asthma symptoms and reduce the frequency of asthma attacks, but it does not provide rapid relief during an ongoing attack.
B) Fluticasone:
Fluticasone is an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) used as a controller medication for asthma. It works by reducing airway inflammation and is taken regularly to control asthma symptoms and prevent exacerbations. Fluticasone is not used for the immediate relief of acute asthma symptoms and is not suitable for aborting an ongoing asthma attack.
C) Cromolyn:
Cromolyn is a mast cell stabilizer used as a controller medication for asthma. It helps prevent the release of inflammatory substances that contribute to asthma symptoms. Cromolyn is taken regularly to prevent asthma symptoms and reduce the frequency of asthma attacks but is not used for the immediate relief of acute asthma symptoms like albuterol.
D) Albuterol.
Albuterol is a short-acting beta agonist (SABA) bronchodilator used for the quick relief of asthma symptoms during an acute asthma attack or exacerbation. It works rapidly to relax the smooth muscles in the airways, opening them up and relieving bronchoconstriction, which improves airflow and alleviates symptoms such as wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness. Albuterol is typically administered via inhalation through a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) or a nebulizer.
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