A nurse is caring for a client who has been taking oxymetazoline (Afrin) nasal spray for the past 10 days for allergic rhinitis. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following manifestations as an adverse effect of this medication?
Sedation
Constipation
Productive cough
Nasal congestion
The Correct Answer is D
A) Sedation:
Sedation is not an adverse effect commonly associated with oxymetazoline nasal spray. Oxymetazoline works by constricting blood vessels in the nasal passages to relieve congestion and does not typically cause sedation.
B) Constipation:
Constipation is not an adverse effect associated with oxymetazoline nasal spray. Constipation is more commonly associated with medications that affect the gastrointestinal system, such as opioid analgesics or certain anticholinergic medications.
C) Productive cough:
Productive cough is not an adverse effect commonly associated with oxymetazoline nasal spray. Productive cough refers to a cough that produces mucus or phlegm and is more often associated with respiratory infections or chronic respiratory conditions.
D) Nasal congestion.
Oxymetazoline (Afrin) is a nasal decongestant spray commonly used for the temporary relief of nasal congestion associated with allergic rhinitis or the common cold. However, if oxymetazoline nasal spray is used for more than 3 to 5 consecutive days, it can lead to rebound congestion, also known as rhinitis medicamentosa. Rebound congestion occurs when the nasal mucosa becomes dependent on the medication for vasoconstriction, and upon discontinuation, nasal congestion worsens. Therefore, prolonged use of oxymetazoline nasal spray can result in a worsening of nasal congestion as an adverse effect.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A) Theophylline:
Theophylline is a bronchodilator medication that is used for the long-term management of asthma, but it is not typically used as the initial treatment for acute asthma exacerbations. Its onset of action is slower compared to short-acting beta agonists like albuterol.
B) Montelukast:
Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist that is used for the long-term management of asthma, but it is not typically used as the initial treatment for acute asthma exacerbations. Its onset of action is slower compared to short-acting beta agonists like albuterol.
C) Albuterol.
The patient is presenting with symptoms consistent with an asthma exacerbation, including shortness of breath, increased work of breathing, expiratory wheezing, and a history of asthma. Albuterol is a short-acting beta agonist bronchodilator commonly used as the first-line treatment for acute asthma exacerbations. It acts quickly to relax bronchial smooth muscles, relieve bronchoconstriction, and improve airflow, which can help alleviate the patient's symptoms of shortness of breath and wheezing.
D) Salmeterol:
Salmeterol is a long-acting beta agonist bronchodilator that is used for the maintenance treatment of asthma, but it is not typically used as the initial treatment for acute asthma exacerbations. Its onset of action is slower compared to short-acting beta agonists like albuterol, and it is not recommended for rapid relief of acute symptoms.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A) Treatment with PPIs to decrease stomach acid:
Pancreatic insufficiency is not primarily related to excess stomach acid production, so treatment with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) to decrease stomach acid would not address the underlying cause of the condition.
B) Treatment with stimulant laxatives:
Pancreatic insufficiency is not typically associated with constipation or the need for stimulant laxatives. While malabsorption of fats due to pancreatic insufficiency can lead to loose stools or diarrhea, treatment with laxatives is not indicated for this condition.
C) Replacement therapy with pancreatic enzymes.
Pancreatic insufficiency occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough digestive enzymes to properly digest food, leading to malabsorption of nutrients. Replacement therapy with pancreatic enzymes is the mainstay of treatment for pancreatic insufficiency. These pancreatic enzyme supplements help to replace the deficient enzymes, aiding in the digestion and absorption of nutrients from food. By taking pancreatic enzyme supplements with meals, the client can improve digestion and prevent nutritional deficiencies associated with pancreatic insufficiency.
D) Decrease food intake:
Decreasing food intake would not address the underlying cause of pancreatic insufficiency, which is the deficiency of pancreatic enzymes needed for proper digestion. In fact, decreasing food intake could exacerbate malnutrition and nutrient deficiencies in individuals with pancreatic insufficiency. The primary goal of treatment is to improve digestion and nutrient absorption by providing supplemental pancreatic enzymes with meals.
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