In reviewing a plan of care for a patient exhibiting the symptoms of anaphylaxis, which of the following medications would be avoided?
Antihistamines
Vasodilators
Corticosteroids
Bronchodilators
The Correct Answer is B
A) Antihistamines:
Antihistamines are commonly used in the treatment of allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis. They work by blocking the effects of histamine, which is released during an allergic reaction, and can help alleviate symptoms such as itching, hives, and nasal congestion. Antihistamines are typically included in the treatment regimen for anaphylaxis but should not be relied upon as the sole treatment.
B) Vasodilators.
Vasodilators are medications that widen blood vessels, leading to a decrease in blood pressure. In the context of anaphylaxis, where blood pressure can drop precipitously due to systemic vasodilation, the use of vasodilators can exacerbate hypotension, potentially worsening the patient's condition. Therefore, vasodilators should be avoided in the management of anaphylaxis.
C) Corticosteroids:
Corticosteroids, such as prednisone or methylprednisolone, are used in the management of anaphylaxis to reduce inflammation and prevent late-phase allergic reactions. They are not typically used as first-line treatment during the acute phase of anaphylaxis but may be administered after initial stabilization to prevent recurrence of symptoms.
D) Bronchodilators:
Bronchodilators, such as albuterol, are used to relieve bronchospasm and improve airflow in conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). While bronchospasm can occur during anaphylaxis, bronchodilators may still be used to address this symptom. However, they should be used cautiously, and their administration should not delay the administration of epinephrine, which is the primary treatment for anaphylaxis.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
To calculate the rate of administration in milliliters per hour (mL/hr):
Given the total volume to be infused: 1000 mL
Given the total time for infusion: 5 hours
Divide the total volume by the total time to find the rate of administration per hour:
1000 mL ÷ 5 hours = 200 mL/hr
Therefore, the rate of administration will be 200 mL/hr.
To calculate the rate of administration in drops per minute (drops/min):
Given the drop factor: 15 drops/mL
Given the total volume to be infused: 1000 mL
Given the total time for infusion: 5 hours
First, find the total drops:
Total drops = Total volume × Drop factor
Total drops = 1000 mL × 15 drops/mL = 15,000 drops
Next, find the rate of drops per minute:
Rate of drops per minute = Total drops ÷ Total time in minutes
As there are 5 hours in total, we multiply by 60 to convert hours to minutes:
Rate of drops per minute = 15,000 drops ÷ (5 hours × 60 minutes/hour) = 50 drops/min
Therefore, the rate of administration will be 200 mL/hr and 50 drops/min.
Correct Answer is ["10"]
Explanation
To administer the correct dose of valproic acid, which is 500 mg, when the available oral solution concentration is 250 mg per 5 mL, the nurse needs to calculate the volume of the solution required.
The calculation is as follows: (500 mg) / (250 mg/5 mL) = 2 x 5 mL = 10 mL.
Therefore, the nurse should administer 10 mL of the valproic acid oral solution to deliver a dose of 500 mg.
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