Which type of laxative causes peristalsis by irritating the bowel?
Stool softener
Saline/osmotic laxative
Stimulant laxative
Bulk-forming laxative
The Correct Answer is C
A) Stool softener:
Stool softeners, such as docusate sodium, work by adding moisture to the stool, making it softer and easier to pass. They do not directly stimulate bowel movements or peristalsis through irritation of the bowel lining.
B) Saline/osmotic laxative:
Saline or osmotic laxatives, such as magnesium hydroxide (milk of magnesia) and polyethylene glycol (PEG), work by drawing water into the intestines, which softens the stool and increases bowel motility. They do not primarily act by irritating the bowel lining.
C) Stimulant laxative.
Stimulant laxatives work by directly stimulating the nerves in the intestines, which increases the rhythmic contractions of the intestines (peristalsis) and promotes bowel movements. These medications irritate the bowel lining, leading to increased motility and expulsion of stool. Examples of stimulant laxatives include bisacodyl and senna.
D) Bulk-forming laxative:
Bulk-forming laxatives, such as psyllium and methylcellulose, work by increasing the bulk and water content of the stool, which stimulates bowel movements. They do not directly irritate the bowel lining to promote peristalsis. Instead, they absorb water and swell in the intestines, creating a larger, softer stool that is easier to pass.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
To calculate the rate of administration in milliliters per hour (mL/hr):
Given the total volume to be infused: 1000 mL
Given the total time for infusion: 5 hours
Divide the total volume by the total time to find the rate of administration per hour:
1000 mL ÷ 5 hours = 200 mL/hr
Therefore, the rate of administration will be 200 mL/hr.
To calculate the rate of administration in drops per minute (drops/min):
Given the drop factor: 15 drops/mL
Given the total volume to be infused: 1000 mL
Given the total time for infusion: 5 hours
First, find the total drops:
Total drops = Total volume × Drop factor
Total drops = 1000 mL × 15 drops/mL = 15,000 drops
Next, find the rate of drops per minute:
Rate of drops per minute = Total drops ÷ Total time in minutes
As there are 5 hours in total, we multiply by 60 to convert hours to minutes:
Rate of drops per minute = 15,000 drops ÷ (5 hours × 60 minutes/hour) = 50 drops/min
Therefore, the rate of administration will be 200 mL/hr and 50 drops/min.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A) Theophylline:
Theophylline is a bronchodilator medication that is used for the long-term management of asthma, but it is not typically used as the initial treatment for acute asthma exacerbations. Its onset of action is slower compared to short-acting beta agonists like albuterol.
B) Montelukast:
Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist that is used for the long-term management of asthma, but it is not typically used as the initial treatment for acute asthma exacerbations. Its onset of action is slower compared to short-acting beta agonists like albuterol.
C) Albuterol.
The patient is presenting with symptoms consistent with an asthma exacerbation, including shortness of breath, increased work of breathing, expiratory wheezing, and a history of asthma. Albuterol is a short-acting beta agonist bronchodilator commonly used as the first-line treatment for acute asthma exacerbations. It acts quickly to relax bronchial smooth muscles, relieve bronchoconstriction, and improve airflow, which can help alleviate the patient's symptoms of shortness of breath and wheezing.
D) Salmeterol:
Salmeterol is a long-acting beta agonist bronchodilator that is used for the maintenance treatment of asthma, but it is not typically used as the initial treatment for acute asthma exacerbations. Its onset of action is slower compared to short-acting beta agonists like albuterol, and it is not recommended for rapid relief of acute symptoms.
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