The nurse is meeting a 5-year-old child for the first time and would like the child to cooperate during a dressing change.
The nurse decides to do a simple magic trick using gauze. This should be interpreted as:

A way to establish rapport. Doing a simple magic trick using gauze is a way to gain the child’s trust and attention, and to make the dressing change less stressful and more fun. This is appropriate for a 5-year-old child who is in the stage of initiative versus guilt according to Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development.

Choice A is wrong because 5-year-old children are curious and imaginative, and they enjoy magic tricks and fantasy play.

Choice C is wrong because a simple magic trick is not too distracting, but rather a way to engage the child and reduce anxiety.

Choice D is wrong because a simple magic trick is not inappropriate due to the child’s cognitive development. According to Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, 5-year-old children are in the preoperational stage, which means they can use symbols and language to represent objects and events.

A magic trick using gauze is a symbolic representation of something else, which the child can understand and appreciate.

This pattern is called periodic breathing and it is characterized by 5 to 10 seconds of respiratory pauses followed by 10 to 15 seconds of compensatory rapid respiration. It is a normal phenomenon that occurs primarily in premature infants of more than 24 hours of age. It is usually not of pathologic significance and does not require intervention.

Choice A is wrong because sleep or wakeful apnea is defined as a cessation of breathing for more than 20 seconds or less than 20 seconds with bradycardia or cyanosis.

Choice B is wrong because severe swings in blood pressure are not associated with periodic breathing, but rather with intraventricular hemorrhage or patent ductus arteriosus.

Choice C is wrong because trying to maintain a neutral thermal environment does not affect the respiratory pattern of premature infants.

Normal ranges for respiratory rate in premature infants are 40 to 60 breaths per minute. Normal ranges for oxygen saturation in premature infants are 88% to 92%.