A nurse is teaching a client who has multiple sclerosis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

Avoid physical exercise to prevent fatigue.

Take hot baths to relax muscles.

Perform stretching exercises daily.

Limit fluid intake to reduce bladder irritation.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: Avoiding physical exercise is not recommended for multiple sclerosis, as moderate activity like walking or stretching improves muscle strength, balance, and fatigue management. Complete avoidance leads to deconditioning, worsening mobility and fatigue, which are common in MS, making this instruction counterproductive to symptom management.
Choice B reason: Taking hot baths is not advised for multiple sclerosis, as heat can exacerbate symptoms like fatigue and muscle weakness due to temperature sensitivity (Uhthoff’s phenomenon). Cool or lukewarm baths are safer, supporting symptom control, making this instruction harmful and inappropriate for MS management.
Choice C reason: Performing daily stretching exercises improves flexibility, reduces spasticity, and enhances mobility in multiple sclerosis. Stretching strengthens muscles and prevents contractures, supporting functional independence. This aligns with evidence-based MS management to mitigate symptoms and improve quality of life, making it the correct instruction.
Choice D reason: Limiting fluid intake to reduce bladder irritation is inappropriate, as adequate hydration (2-3 L/day) prevents urinary tract infections, common in MS due to bladder dysfunction. Fluid restriction can worsen symptoms and dehydration, making this instruction incorrect for managing MS-related bladder issues effectively.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Adding salt to season foods can irritate oral sores in AIDS patients, often caused by candidiasis or herpes. Salt exacerbates pain and delays healing, making this instruction harmful and inappropriate for managing oral discomfort in this population.
Choice B reason: Rinsing with alcohol-based mouthwash worsens oral soreness, as alcohol irritates mucosal lesions common in AIDS. Non-alcohol, antiseptic, or saline rinses are preferred to promote comfort and healing, making this instruction incorrect and potentially painful.
Choice C reason: Eating hot foods can aggravate oral sores, increasing pain and delaying healing in AIDS patients with mucosal damage. Lukewarm or cool foods are better tolerated, making this instruction inappropriate and counterproductive for managing the client’s symptoms.
Choice D reason: Using ice chips numbs the mouth, reducing pain from oral sores during eating for AIDS patients. This non-invasive, soothing intervention is safe and effective, aligning with comfort-focused care for mucosal lesions, making it the correct instruction.

A. Attach the restraint to the bed’s movable side rails. B. Document the client’s condition every 15 minutes. C. Request a PRN restraint prescription for clients who are aggressive. D. Apply restraints over the client’s clothing.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Attaching restraints to movable side rails is unsafe, as rail movement can cause injury or loosen restraints. They should be secured to the bed frame, a fixed structure, so this guideline is incorrect and dangerous for restraint protocols.
Choice B reason: Documenting the client’s condition every 15 minutes ensures frequent monitoring for safety, circulation, and skin integrity, per CMS and Joint Commission standards. This prevents complications and supports timely restraint removal, making it the correct guideline.
Choice C reason: Requesting PRN restraint prescriptions is inappropriate, as restraints require specific, time-limited orders based on immediate need. PRN orders lack oversight and risk misuse, so this guideline is incorrect and non-compliant with regulations.
Choice D reason: Applying restraints over clothing can cause discomfort or skin irritation, as direct skin contact with padding is preferred for safety. This guideline is incorrect, as proper application minimizes harm, making it inappropriate for protocols.

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A nurse is teaching a client who has multiple sclerosis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has AIDS. The client states, “My mouth is sore when I eat.” Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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