A nurse is teaching a client who has a pelvic fracture about the manifestations of fat embolism syndrome. The nurse should include which of the following findings as an early manifestation?

Hypertension

Swollen calf

Tachypnea

Bradycardia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason:
Hypertension is not typically an early manifestation of fat embolism syndrome (FES). FES is more commonly associated with hypoxemia, which can lead to hypotension rather than hypertension².

Choice B reason:
While a swollen calf may indicate deep vein thrombosis, it is not an early sign of FES. FES primarily affects the lungs and neurological systems early on, rather than causing localized swelling such as in a calf².

Choice C reason:
Tachypnea, or rapid breathing, is indeed an early sign of FES. This symptom usually develops before others and is due to the fat globules causing respiratory distress by blocking the pulmonary microcirculation²³⁴.

Choice D reason:
Bradycardia, or a slower than normal heart rate, is not an early sign of FES. Instead, patients may experience tachycardia as a response to hypoxemia and respiratory distress².

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason:
A tingling sensation is not the primary concern when planning preoperative teaching for an amputation due to a severe gangrenous infection. While some patients may experience tingling due to nerve damage or as part of phantom limb sensation, the focus of preoperative teaching should be on managing pain and understanding the recovery process.

Choice B reason:
Telling a patient that their pain will gradually become less severe may be misleading. Post-amputation, patients often experience significant pain, including phantom limb pain, which can be intense and challenging to manage. Preoperative teaching should set realistic expectations about postoperative pain and its management.

Choice C reason:
Phantom pain is a real phenomenon experienced by many amputees, where they feel pain in the amputated limb as if it were still there. It is not merely psychological but has physiological underpinnings related to the nerves and brain's interpretation of signals. Preoperative teaching should include information about phantom limb pain, its potential occurrence, and strategies for managing it.

Choice D reason:
It is unrealistic to suggest that the pain will disappear soon after the amputation. Recovery from an amputation can be a lengthy process, and pain management is a critical component. Patients need to be prepared for the possibility of ongoing pain and the need for pain management strategies postoperatively.

A. Asking questions about the information on her postoperative care pamphlet B. Refusing to look at the dressing or surgical incision C. Performing arm exercises once or twice a day D. Asking for pain medication every 3 hours

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Asking questions about the information on her postoperative care pamphlet is a positive behavior indicating that the client is proactive in understanding her care and recovery process. It shows engagement and a desire to comply with medical advice, which is beneficial for recovery.

Choice B reason:

Refusing to look at the dressing or surgical incision may indicate psychological distress and difficulty in accepting the physical changes following a mastectomy. This behavior can be a sign of avoidance and a potential struggle with body image and the emotional impact of breast loss. It's important for healthcare providers to recognize this as a call for psychological support and possible referral to counseling services.

Choice C reason:

Performing arm exercises once or twice a day is typically recommended as part of the postoperative care after a mastectomy to prevent stiffness and improve mobility. This behavior suggests that the client is following postoperative instructions and actively participating in her recovery.

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A nurse is teaching a client who has a pelvic fracture about the manifestations of fat embolism syndrome. The nurse should include which of the following findings as an early manifestation?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has a severe gangrenous infection of the right lower extremity. The nurse should plan preoperative teaching based on the possibility of which of the following amputation procedures?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who is 1 day postoperative following a left radical mastectomy. Which of the following behaviors should alert the nurse to the possibility that the client is having difficulty adjusting to the loss of her breast?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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