A nurse is caring for a client immediately following a hemodialysis treatment. For which of the following manifestations will the nurse administer a PRN dose of phenytoin?
Headache, restlessness
Decreased blood pressure, rapid pulse
Muscle cramps, chest heaviness
Pain and tingling at the access site
The Correct Answer is A
The correct answer is Choice A
Choice A rationale: Headache and restlessness can be signs of a seizure or neurological disturbance, which phenytoin is used to treat. Phenytoin is an anticonvulsant medication that helps control seizures by stabilizing neuronal membranes and reducing excitability.
Choice B rationale: Decreased blood pressure and rapid pulse are not indications for phenytoin administration. These symptoms may suggest hypotension or cardiovascular issues, which require different interventions such as fluid resuscitation or vasopressors.
Choice C rationale: Muscle cramps and chest heaviness are not treated with phenytoin. These symptoms could indicate electrolyte imbalances or cardiac issues, which need specific treatments like electrolyte replacement or cardiac monitoring.
Choice D rationale: Pain and tingling at the access site are not indications for phenytoin administration. These symptoms may suggest local irritation or infection at the dialysis access site, requiring appropriate wound care or antibiotics.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["50"]
Explanation
Step 1: The total amount of phenytoin required per dose is 250 mg.
Step 2: Each 5 mL of oral solution contains 25 mg of phenytoin.
Step 3: To find out how many mL are needed, we divide the total amount required by the amount in each 5 mL of oral solution. So, (250 mg ÷ 25 mg/5 mL).
Step 4: The result is 50 mL.
So, the nurse should administer 50 mL per dose. This is already a whole number, so no rounding is necessary.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: The end of a menstrual period is not relevant to the intravenous pyelogram procedure.
Choice B reason: An allergy to shellfish is important to report as the contrast dye used in an intravenous pyelogram may contain iodine, which can cause an allergic reaction in individuals with shellfish allergies.
Choice C reason: Drinking fluids is generally encouraged to prevent kidney stones and is not a concern for the provider.
Choice D reason: Painful and red-tinged urination is a symptom of kidney stones but does not need to be reported unless it is a new or worsening symptom.
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