A nurse is caring for a client immediately following a hemodialysis treatment. For which of the following manifestations will the nurse administer a PRN dose of phenytoin?
Headache, restlessness
Decreased blood pressure, rapid pulse
Muscle cramps, chest heaviness
Pain and tingling at the access site
The Correct Answer is A
The correct answer is Choice A
Choice A rationale: Headache and restlessness can be signs of a seizure or neurological disturbance, which phenytoin is used to treat. Phenytoin is an anticonvulsant medication that helps control seizures by stabilizing neuronal membranes and reducing excitability.
Choice B rationale: Decreased blood pressure and rapid pulse are not indications for phenytoin administration. These symptoms may suggest hypotension or cardiovascular issues, which require different interventions such as fluid resuscitation or vasopressors.
Choice C rationale: Muscle cramps and chest heaviness are not treated with phenytoin. These symptoms could indicate electrolyte imbalances or cardiac issues, which need specific treatments like electrolyte replacement or cardiac monitoring.
Choice D rationale: Pain and tingling at the access site are not indications for phenytoin administration. These symptoms may suggest local irritation or infection at the dialysis access site, requiring appropriate wound care or antibiotics.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale: Cantaloupe is high in potassium. Clients with acute kidney injury (AKI) have impaired potassium excretion, and consuming high-potassium foods increases the risk of hyperkalemia, which can lead to cardiac arrhythmias.
Choice B rationale: Baked potatoes contain significant potassium, especially in the skin. In AKI, potassium retention is dangerous, so this choice reflects poor understanding of dietary restrictions for renal safety.
Choice C rationale: Yogurt is rich in potassium and phosphorus. In AKI, both electrolytes may accumulate due to reduced renal clearance, making yogurt an inappropriate choice without close monitoring.
Choice D rationale: Pecans are low in potassium, making them a safer snack for clients with AKI. Choosing low-potassium foods demonstrates appropriate understanding of renal dietary management.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: A strong odor in the first-voided urine can be normal, especially if it's concentrated after a night's sleep.
Choice B reason: An output of 175 mL in 8 hours is concerning, as it indicates oliguria, which is a urine output of less than 400 mL in 24 hours, and can be a sign of worsening renal function.
Choice C reason: An output of 2,200 mL in 24 hours is within normal urine output ranges, which is typically 800 to 2,000 mL per day for an average adult.
Choice D reason: Urine becoming cloudy after sitting for a period is common due to precipitation of salts and proteins at lower temperatures.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.