A nurse is caring for a client who has Stage IV lung cancer and was prescribed opioid medications for pain management. The client is unable to engage in most physical activities. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse anticipate?

Mucositis

Bleeding

Impaction

Diarrhea

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason:
Mucositis is an inflammation of the mucous membranes lining the digestive tract, which is commonly associated with chemotherapy and radiation therapy, not directly with opioid use. While it can be a concern for cancer patients, it is not a typical side effect of opioids.

Choice B reason:
Bleeding is not a common side effect of opioid medications. While cancer patients may experience bleeding due to various reasons, including the cancer itself or treatment-related issues, opioids do not typically cause bleeding.

Choice C reason:
Opioid-induced constipation (OIC) is a common side effect of opioid medications due to their action on the gastrointestinal tract. Opioids reduce gastrointestinal motility, leading to constipation, which can progress to impaction if not managed properly. This is a manifestation that nurses should anticipate and manage proactively in clients taking opioid medications for pain management.

Choice D reason:
Diarrhea is not typically associated with opioid use. In fact, opioids are more likely to cause constipation rather than diarrhea. Diarrhea may occur as a result of other treatments or conditions but is not a direct side effect of opioids.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason:
Telling a client that they will be at an increased risk of breast cancer due to fibrocystic breast changes would be incorrect. Fibrocystic breast changes are not directly linked to an increased risk of breast cancer. While the presence of complex fibrocystic changes may slightly elevate the risk, fibrocystic breasts themselves are a common and benign condition.

Choice B reason:
It is not accurate to say that the manifestations of fibrocystic breasts often get worse after menopause. In fact, fibrocystic changes are related to hormone levels, and most women experience relief from these symptoms after menopause when hormone levels decline.

Choice C reason:
Stating that menopause won't have any effect on the manifestations is also incorrect. Menopause typically leads to a decrease in hormone levels, which are associated with fibrocystic breast changes. Therefore, most women see an improvement in their symptoms after menopause.

Choice D reason:
The most appropriate response is that the manifestations usually go away after menopause. Fibrocystic breast changes are linked to hormonal fluctuations, and after menopause, when these fluctuations cease, the symptoms of fibrocystic breasts typically resolve.

A. Headache, restlessness B. Decreased blood pressure, rapid pulse C. Muscle cramps, chest heaviness D. Pain and tingling at the access site

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason:
Phenytoin is an antiepileptic drug that can be used to treat and prevent seizures. Headache and restlessness could be signs of neurological irritation or an impending seizure, which phenytoin can help to manage. It is important to monitor the client's neurological status closely following hemodialysis, as changes in electrolyte balance can affect neuronal activity.

Choice B reason:
Decreased blood pressure and rapid pulse are not typical indications for administering phenytoin. These symptoms could indicate hypovolemia or other cardiovascular issues that may occur after hemodialysis, which would require different interventions.

Choice C reason:
Muscle cramps and chest heaviness are not indications for phenytoin administration. Muscle cramps can be a common side effect of hemodialysis due to electrolyte shifts, and chest heaviness may indicate cardiovascular strain or other complications.

Choice D reason:
Pain and tingling at the access site are typically related to the vascular access itself and are not treated with phenytoin. These symptoms may require assessment for potential complications such as infection or thrombosis at the access site.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has Stage IV lung cancer and was prescribed opioid medications for pain management. The client is unable to engage in most physical activities. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse anticipate?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has fibrocystic breasts. The client asks the nurse, "What will happen to my fibrocystic breast changes after menopause?" Which of the following statements is an appropriate response by the nurse?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client immediately following a hemodialysis treatment. For which of the following manifestations will the nurse administer a PRN dose of phenytoin?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has erectile dysfunction. Which of the following lab tests should the nurse expect will be ordered to evaluate this client? (Select All that Apply.)

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