A group of nurses are discussing risk factors for the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from clients. Which of the following individuals should the nurse identify as being at the greatest risk for contracting HIV?
A personal trainer who works with a client who has HIV.
An occupational therapist who works with a client who has HIV.
A phlebotomist who collects blood from clients who have HIV.
A nurse who works for an insurance company and collects urine samples from clients who have HIV.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason:
A personal trainer working with a client who has HIV is at low risk for contracting the virus. HIV is not transmitted through casual contact, sweat, or saliva. The risk would increase only if there were exposure to blood or other body fluids through an open wound or mucous membrane.
Choice B reason:
An occupational therapist working with a client who has HIV also has a low risk of contracting the virus. Similar to a personal trainer, unless there is direct exposure to blood or body fluids, the transmission risk is minimal.
Choice C reason:
A phlebotomist who collects blood from clients who have HIV is at the greatest risk among the listed individuals. Phlebotomists are healthcare professionals who are frequently exposed to blood, which is a bodily fluid that can transmit HIV if proper precautions are not taken.
Choice D reason:
A nurse who collects urine samples is at a lower risk compared to a phlebotomist. HIV is not typically transmitted through urine unless it contains blood. However, the risk is still present if there is exposure to blood-contaminated urine through cuts or mucous membranes.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: An elevated oral temperature of 38.2°C (100.76°F) postoperatively can indicate an infection, which is a common complication after surgical procedures. In the context of TURP, a fever could suggest a urinary tract infection or sepsis, especially if accompanied by other symptoms such as chills or an elevated white blood cell count.
Choice B reason: The output of burgundy-colored urine can be expected in the immediate postoperative period following a TURP due to bleeding. However, it should gradually lighten in color. Persistent or worsening hematuria could indicate a complication, but it is not uncommon to see some blood in the urine shortly after the procedure
Choice C reason: A pulse rate of 88/min is within the normal range (60-100 beats per minute) and is not typically indicative of a postoperative complication. It is important to consider the patient's baseline heart rate and any other symptoms they may be experiencing.
Choice D reason: Feeling an urge to void despite having an indwelling urinary catheter can occur due to bladder spasms or irritation from the catheter itself. While uncomfortable, this sensation is not uncommon after TURP and does not necessarily indicate a complication.
Correct Answer is ["B","C"]
Explanation
The correct answer is b. Minimize skin exposure to moisture and c. Use pillows to keep heels off the bed surface.
Choice A reason:
a. Massage over erythematous bony prominences: This is incorrect because massaging erythematous (reddened) areas can cause further tissue damage and exacerbate skin breakdown.
Choice B reason:
b. Minimize skin exposure to moisture: This is correct. Moisture can lead to skin maceration, increasing the risk of skin breakdown. Keeping the skin dry helps maintain its integrity.
Choice C reason:
c. Use pillows to keep heels off the bed surface: This is correct. Elevating the heels reduces pressure on them, preventing pressure ulcers.
Choice D reason:
d. Implement a turning schedule every 4 hours: This is incorrect. To prevent pressure injuries, turning should be done every 2 hours, not every 4 hours.
Choice E reason:
e. Keep the client’s skin dry with powder: This is incorrect. Powder can cause skin irritation and breakdown.
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