A nurse is reviewing the medication record for a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which of the following medications should the nurse identify as having the potential to cause nephrotoxicity?
Ondansetron
Diphenhydramine
Vancomycin
Omeprazole
The Correct Answer is C
A. Ondansetron is an antiemetic commonly used to prevent nausea and vomiting, and it is not typically associated with nephrotoxicity.
B. Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine used for allergy symptoms and as a sleep aid. It is not known to cause nephrotoxicity.
C. Vancomycin is an antibiotic that can cause nephrotoxicity, especially when administered in high doses or in individuals with impaired renal function. Monitoring renal function is crucial when using vancomycin.
D. Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor used to reduce gastric acid secretion and treat conditions such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and peptic ulcers. It is not associated with nephrotoxicity.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Placing the client on seizure precautions is important as metabolic alkalosis can cause neurological symptoms, such as confusion and increased risk for seizures due to electrolyte imbalances (e.g., low calcium levels). Therefore, seizure precautions are warranted.
B. Breathing into a paper bag is used in respiratory alkalosis to increase CO2 levels, but it is not appropriate in metabolic alkalosis, where the issue is not primarily related to CO2 imbalance.
C. Encouraging the client to breathe slowly is generally more appropriate for respiratory alkalosis, not metabolic alkalosis. Slow breathing would not directly address the underlying issue of metabolic alkalosis.
D. Administering sodium bicarbonate would worsen metabolic alkalosis, as it would further increase the alkalotic state. Sodium bicarbonate is used in metabolic acidosis, not alkalosis.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. A urine output of 50 mL in 4 hours is inadequate and may indicate decreased renal perfusion. Magnesium sulfate can further compromise renal perfusion, so this finding warrants careful evaluation and potential adjustment of the infusion rate.
B. This indicates that the client is not experiencing respiratory depression, a potential side effect of magnesium sulfate toxicity.
C. Diminished deep tendon reflexes is an expected finding in magnesium sulfate toxicity.
D. A heart rate of 56/min is below the normal range for an adult but may be a common finding in clients receiving magnesium sulfate due to its cardiac depressant effects.
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