A nurse in a public clinic is researching health data on culturally diverse populations in the community. Which of the following population groups should the nurse anticipate having end- stage renal disease due to diabetes mellitus?

Black American

Hispanic/Latino

Non-Hispanic White

Asian American

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A.   Black Americans have a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus compared to other racial/ethnic groups in the United States, and diabetes is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease.
B.   While Hispanic/Latino individuals also have an increased risk of diabetes mellitus, it is less pronounced compared to Black Americans.
C.   Non-Hispanic White individuals have a lower prevalence of diabetes mellitus compared to Black and Hispanic/Latino populations.
D.   Asian Americans have a varied prevalence of diabetes mellitus depending on specific ethnicities within this group, but it is generally lower than in Black Americans.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Certain malignancies, particularly lung cancer, can produce ectopic antidiuretic hormone (ADH) or ADH-like substances, leading to SIADH. It's important to inquire about a history of lung cancer due to its association with SIADH.

B. Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease and is not known to cause SIADH.

C. Dyspepsia refers to upper gastrointestinal discomfort and is not associated with SIADH.

D. Liver cirrhosis can lead to various complications, including hepatic encephalopathy and ascites, but it is not typically associated with SIADH.

A. A client who has muscle hypertrophy. B. Moon face C. A client who has a butterfly rash on his face. D. A client who has a positive Chvostek's sign.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Muscle hypertrophy is not a typical manifestation of hypercortisolism; rather, muscle weakness and wasting may occur.
B. Moon face, or rounded facial appearance with prominent cheeks, is a characteristic manifestation of hypercortisolism (Cushing's syndrome).
C. A butterfly rash on the face is not specific to hypercortisolism; it may suggest other conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus.
D. Chvostek's sign is associated with hypocalcemia, not hypercortisolism.

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A nurse in a public clinic is researching health data on culturally diverse populations in the community. Which of the following population groups should the nurse anticipate having end- stage renal disease due to diabetes mellitus?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is collecting the medical history from a client who has manifestations of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). The nurse should ask the client if he has a history of which of the following conditions that can cause SIADH?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is assessing four clients on a medical unit. The nurse should identify which of the following clients as exhibiting positive manifestations of hypercortisolism?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is planning care for a client who has hypernatremia. Which of the following IV solutions should the nurse plan to initiate?

A nurse is talking to a client who is taking a calcium supplement for osteoporosis. The client tells the nurse she is experiencing flank pain. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse suspect?

A nurse is reviewing the BUN and creatinine levels of an older adult client who has chronic kidney disease. The nurse should expect which of the following findings?

A nurse is caring for a client who has metabolic alkalosis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

A nurse is caring for a client who has Addison's disease and is at risk for Addisonian crisis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and is receiving IV furosemide. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following electrolyte imbalances?

A nurse is assessing a client in the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?