A nurse is planning care for a client who has hypernatremia. Which of the following IV solutions should the nurse plan to initiate?
Dextran 40
Dextrose 5 in water
Dextrose 10% in water
25% albumin
The Correct Answer is B
A. Dextran 40 is a plasma volume expander and not used for correcting hypernatremia.
B. Hypernatremia indicates a deficit of water relative to sodium. Providing hypotonic solutions like Dextrose 5 in water helps to dilute the sodium concentration in the body fluids, effectively treating hypernatremia.
C. Dextrose 10% in water is a hypertonic solution and would exacerbate hypernatremia by increasing the concentration of sodium in the body fluids.
D. 25% albumin is a hypertonic solution and would exacerbate hypernatremia by increasing the concentration of sodium in the body fluids.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Almonds are high in oxalates, which can contribute to the formation of calcium oxalate kidney stones. Therefore, almonds should be avoided or consumed in moderation by individuals with this condition.
B. Sweet potatoes contain moderate levels of oxalates, which may increase the risk of calcium oxalate kidney stones if consumed in large amounts. It is advisable for individuals with this condition to limit their intake of sweet potatoes.
C. Bananas are low in oxalates, making them a suitable choice for individuals with calcium oxalate kidney stones. Including bananas in the diet can help reduce the risk of stone formation.
D. Soy milk may contain moderate to high levels of oxalates, depending on processing methods. It is recommended to choose low-oxalate alternatives for individuals prone to calcium oxalate kidney stones.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Placing the child on a low-sodium diet is not a priority action for managing Addison's disease. Sodium restriction may be necessary in some cases, but it's not the primary intervention.
B. Monitoring the child for fluid volume excess is not directly related to managing Addison's disease. Addison's disease often leads to hypovolemia due to decreased aldosterone secretion.
C. Discussing manifestations of hyperglycemia may not be directly relevant to Addison's disease, which primarily affects cortisol and aldosterone levels, not glucose metabolism.
D. Teaching the parents about cortical replacement therapy is crucial. Addison's disease results from adrenal insufficiency, and cortical replacement therapy, typically with glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids, is the mainstay of treatment.
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