A nurse is planning care for a client who has hypernatremia. Which of the following IV solutions should the nurse plan to initiate?

Dextran 40

Dextrose 5 in water

Dextrose 10% in water

25% albumin

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Dextran 40 is a plasma volume expander and not used for correcting hypernatremia.
B.   Hypernatremia indicates a deficit of water relative to sodium. Providing hypotonic solutions like Dextrose 5 in water helps to dilute the sodium concentration in the body fluids, effectively treating hypernatremia.
C.   Dextrose 10% in water is a hypertonic solution and would exacerbate hypernatremia by increasing the concentration of sodium in the body fluids.
D.   25% albumin is a hypertonic solution and would exacerbate hypernatremia by increasing the concentration of sodium in the body fluids.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Hyperglycemia is associated with diabetes mellitus, not diabetes insipidus. Diabetes insipidus is characterized by excessive thirst and urination due to inadequate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), not hyperglycemia.
B. Dehydration is a hallmark finding in diabetes insipidus due to excessive urination and fluid loss. Clients with diabetes insipidus may exhibit signs of dehydration, such as dry mucous membranes, decreased skin turgor, and hypotension.
C. Bradycardia is not typically associated with diabetes insipidus.
D. Polyphagia, or excessive hunger, is a symptom of diabetes mellitus, not diabetes insipidus.

A. Constipation B. Muscle spasms C. Metallic taste D. Headache

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Constipation is a common adverse effect of aluminum hydroxide, an antacid often used to bind phosphate in patients with renal failure to prevent hyperphosphatemia.
B. Muscle spasms are not typically associated with aluminum hydroxide.
C. Metallic taste is not a common adverse effect of aluminum hydroxide.
D. Headache is not a common adverse effect of aluminum hydroxide.

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A nurse is planning care for a client who has hypernatremia. Which of the following IV solutions should the nurse plan to initiate?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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