A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic kidney failure about planning a low-protein diet. The client states, "Why do I have to be concerned about protein?" Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
"A low-protein diet reduces the risk for edema."
"A low-protein diet will reduce the risk for hyperkalemia
"A low-protein diet will increase the nitrogenous wastes in the blood."
"A low protein diet reduces the risk for uremia."
The Correct Answer is D
A. Edema in chronic kidney failure is more closely associated with sodium and water retention rather than protein intake.
B. Hyperkalemia in chronic kidney failure can be managed by restricting dietary potassium intake, but it is not primarily related to protein intake.
C. A low-protein diet aims to decrease, not increase, nitrogenous wastes in the blood.
D. A low-protein diet reduces the risk for uremia, a condition resulting from chronic kidney failure where urea and other waste products build up in the body due to impaired renal function. A low-protein diet helps decrease the workload on the kidneys by reducing the amount of nitrogenous waste they need to filter and excrete.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Placing the client on seizure precautions is important as metabolic alkalosis can cause neurological symptoms, such as confusion and increased risk for seizures due to electrolyte imbalances (e.g., low calcium levels). Therefore, seizure precautions are warranted.
B. Breathing into a paper bag is used in respiratory alkalosis to increase CO2 levels, but it is not appropriate in metabolic alkalosis, where the issue is not primarily related to CO2 imbalance.
C. Encouraging the client to breathe slowly is generally more appropriate for respiratory alkalosis, not metabolic alkalosis. Slow breathing would not directly address the underlying issue of metabolic alkalosis.
D. Administering sodium bicarbonate would worsen metabolic alkalosis, as it would further increase the alkalotic state. Sodium bicarbonate is used in metabolic acidosis, not alkalosis.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Hypernatremia is usually due to an excess of sodium or a deficit of water, not directly related to prerenal causes.
B. Prerenal AKI is characterized by a decrease in renal blood flow, which leads to a reduction in glomerular filtration rate and a subsequent accumulation of waste products, including potassium. Hyperkalemia occurs because the kidneys are unable to excrete potassium effectively.
C. Hypercalcemia is not typically associated with AKI.
D. Hypophosphatemia is generally associated with malnutrition or malabsorption syndromes and is not a direct result of prerenal AKI.
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