A nurse is planning care for a client who has a new diagnosis of diabetes insipidus. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Measure blood glucose levels every 4 hr.
Check urine specific gravity.
Administer a diuretic
Initiate fluid restrictions
The Correct Answer is B
A. This intervention is not relevant to diabetes insipidus, which affects water balance rather than glucose levels.
B. Checking urine specific gravity helps assess the concentration of urine, which can be very dilute in diabetes insipidus.
C. Diabetes insipidus is already characterized by excessive urination (polyuria), so administering a diuretic would exacerbate fluid loss.
D. Fluid restrictions are not typically necessary in diabetes insipidus because the primary issue is water loss rather than retention.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. A urine output of 175 ml over 8 hours indicates oliguria, which can be concerning in a client with impaired renal function. It suggests decreased kidney function and inadequate elimination of waste products and fluids, necessitating prompt notification of the healthcare provider.
B. This amount of urine output over 24 hours is within normal range and does not typically warrant immediate notification unless there are other concerning symptoms.
C. Cloudy urine may indicate the presence of urinary tract infection or other issues, but it alone may not require immediate notification of the provider.
D. While strong-smelling urine can be indicative of various conditions, it alone may not necessitate immediate provider notification unless accompanied by other concerning symptoms.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Metabolic Alkalosis, Partially Compensated, is incorrect because there is no evidence of respiratory compensation (normal PaCO2).
B. Respiratory Acidosis, Partially Compensated, is incorrect because the pH is high, not low as would be expected in acidosis, and the PaCO2 is normal, not high.
C. Respiratory Alkalosis, Uncompensated, is incorrect because the primary problem is metabolic (high HCO3), not respiratory, and the PaCO2 is normal, not low as would be seen in respiratory alkalosis.
D. Metabolic alkalosis is characterized by elevated pH and bicarbonate levels. In this scenario, the pH is elevated (7.5) and the bicarbonate (HCO3) level is high (34 mmol/L), indicating alkalosis. Vomiting leads to loss of gastric acid (hydrochloric acid), causing metabolic alkalosis. The respiratory system has not yet compensated fully for the alkalosis, as indicated by the normal PaCO2 (40 mm Hg).
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