A nurse is discussing laboratory values associated with the renal system with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following statements by the newly licensed nurse indicates an understanding of the values?
Creatinine levels are increased in clients who have acute kidney injury.
BUN is decreased in clients who have dehydration
Specific gravity is decreased in clients who have hypovolemia.
Potassium levels are increased in clients who have polyuria.
The Correct Answer is A
A. Creatinine levels rise in acute kidney injury due to impaired kidney function, as the kidneys are unable to effectively filter creatinine from the blood.
B. BUN (blood urea nitrogen) levels typically increase in dehydration due to reduced kidney perfusion, leading to decreased urine output and increased concentration of waste products in the blood.
C. Specific gravity increases in hypovolemia because urine becomes more concentrated as the body tries to conserve water.
D. Potassium levels may vary depending on the cause of polyuria, but polyuria itself does not necessarily cause hyperkalemia. It can be caused by various factors including diabetes insipidus or diabetes mellitus.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Hyperkalemia is a common finding in the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury due to impaired renal function, leading to decreased potassium excretion.
B. Hypomagnesemia is not typically associated with the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury.
C. In the oliguric phase, the glomerular filtration rate is typically decreased, not increased.
D. In acute kidney injury, creatinine levels typically rise due to decreased renal function, rather than decrease.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. In primary hypothyroidism, the thyroid gland fails to produce sufficient thyroid hormone.
Consequently, free T4 levels are typically decreased.
B. Although serum T3 levels may also decrease in primary hypothyroidism due to impaired thyroid function, TSH is the primary marker used for diagnosis and monitoring.
C. Similarly, serum T4 levels may decrease in primary hypothyroidism due to decreased synthesis by the thyroid gland.
D. In primary hypothyroidism, the anterior pituitary gland releases more TSH to stimulate the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones. Therefore, elevated TSH levels are characteristic of primary hypothyroidism.
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