A nurse is teaching a client who has acute kidney injury about the oliguric phase. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Urine output is less than 400 mL per 24 hr.
BUN and creatinine levels decrease.
Renal function is reestablished.
The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) recovers
The Correct Answer is A
A. Oliguria, characterized by urine output less than 400 mL per 24 hours, is a hallmark of the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury.
B. BUN and creatinine levels typically increase during the oliguric phase due to decreased kidney function.
C. Renal function is not reestablished during the oliguric phase; this phase represents reduced kidney function.
D. The glomerular filtration rate remains decreased during the oliguric phase.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. This option can be ruled out because the pH and PaCO2 levels indicate acidosis, but the compensation is not partial as the HCO3 is also low.
B. Maria's symptoms and the arterial blood gas values support this diagnosis. Metabolic acidosis is indicated by a low pH and a decreased bicarbonate (HCO3) level. The body attempts to compensate for this acidosis by hyperventilating, which is evidenced by her Kussmaul breathing, to decrease PaCO2. This compensation is partial because, despite the body's efforts, the pH is still significantly lower than normal.
C. This option can be ruled out because the pH is low (acidosis) rather than high (alkalosis), and the HCO3 is low rather than high.
D. Respiratory Acidosis, Uncompensated is ruled out because the pH is low (acidosis), but the PaCO2 is normal, indicating metabolic rather than respiratory involvement.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Having a pacemaker is not a contraindication for kidney transplant unless there are significant underlying cardiac issues that would increase the risks associated with surgery.
B. Chronic alcohol abuse can lead to multiple organ damage and increased surgical risks, making it a contraindication for kidney transplant.
C. Being a breast cancer survivor is not a contraindication for kidney transplant unless there are active cancer or metastases that would affect surgical outcomes.
D. Age alone is not a contraindication for kidney transplant. The decision for transplant candidacy is based on overall health status and comorbidities rather than age alone.
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