A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas values for a client. The pH is 7.32, PaCO2 48 mm Hg and the HCO, is 23 mEq/L. The nurse should recognize that these findings indicate of which of the following acid base balances?
Metabolic alkalosis
Respiratory alkalosis
Metabolic acidosis
Respiratory acidosis
The Correct Answer is D
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
No explanation
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Decreased urine specific gravity:In fluid volume deficit, urine becomes more concentrated due to decreased kidney perfusion and water conservation by the body. This results in an increased urine specific gravity.
B. Decreased Hgb:Fluid volume deficit typically leads to hemoconcentration because there is less plasma volume, which makes hemoglobin and hematocrit levels appear elevated.
C. Increased urine ketones:While increased urine ketones may occur in dehydration associated with starvation or diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), it is not a hallmark finding in general fluid volume deficit. The presence of ketones depends on the underlying cause, not on fluid volume status alone.
D. Increased BUN:Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) increases in fluid volume deficit because of hemoconcentration and reduced kidney perfusion, which slows the excretion of urea. The ratio of BUN to creatinine is often elevated in dehydration (>20:1).
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