A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who has fluid volume deficit. The nurse would expect which of the following findings?

Urine specific gravity 1.035.

BUN 19 mg/dL.

Hematocrit 44.9%.

Sodium 155 mEq/L.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Sodium 155 mEq/L. Choice A rationale:

A urine specific gravity of 1.035 indicates concentrated urine and is consistent with fluid volume deficit. However, it is not the most specific finding for this condition.

Choice B rationale:

A BUN (blood urea nitrogen) level of 19 mg/dL can be a normal value. It is within the reference range (usually around 7-20 mg/dL) and does not provide specific information about fluid volume deficit.

Choice C rationale:

A hematocrit of 44.9% can also be within the normal range for some individuals, and while it can be elevated in cases of fluid volume deficit, it is not as sensitive as other parameters for detecting this condition.

Choice D rationale:
This is the correct answer because a sodium level of 155 mEq/L is elevated and indicates hypernatremia, which is associated with fluid volume deficit. Hypernatremia occurs when there is a relative lack of water in relation to the sodium concentration in the blood, and it can lead to dehydration

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Correct Answer is ["A","D"]

Explanation

The correct answer is A. Limit intake of canned soups and D. Read labels on foods before eating.

Choice A rationale:

Canned soups often contain high levels of sodium, which can contribute to exceeding the recommended daily sodium intake. Limiting these can help manage sodium levels effectively.

Choice B rationale:

Choosing diet sodas over bottled water is not advisable. Diet sodas can still contain sodium and other additives that are not beneficial for a low-sodium diet. Bottled water is a better choice as it typically contains no sodium.

Choice C rationale:

Bottled salad dressings often contain high amounts of sodium. Opting for homemade or low-sodium versions is a better strategy for maintaining a low-sodium diet.

Choice D rationale:

Reading labels on foods before eating is crucial for identifying hidden sources of sodium and making informed dietary choices. This practice helps in adhering to a low-sodium diet by avoiding foods with high sodium content.

: 3

A. Respiratory acidosis. B. Metabolic alkalosis. C. Respiratory alkalosis. D. Metabolic acidosis.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Metabolic alkalosis.

Choice A rationale:

The given blood gas results show a pH of 7.53, which is alkaline (above the normal range of

7.35 to 7.45), and a high bicarbonate level of 36 mEq/L (normal range is 22 to 26 mEq/L). This combination indicates metabolic alkalosis, a condition where there is an excessive accumulation of bicarbonate in the blood, leading to increased pH.

Choice B rationale:

Metabolic alkalosis is characterized by increased blood bicarbonate levels, which can occur due to conditions like vomiting, diuretic use, or excessive ingestion of bicarbonate-containing substances. It results in symptoms such as muscle twitching, tetany, and respiratory depression.

Choice C rationale:

Respiratory alkalosis is characterized by an elevated blood pH and low carbon dioxide levels (hypocapnia). However, the bicarbonate level is not directly related to respiratory alkalosis, making this choice incorrect based on the given information.

Choice D rationale:

Metabolic acidosis is characterized by a decreased blood pH and low bicarbonate levels. The presented blood gas results show an alkaline pH and high bicarbonate, making this choice incorrect.

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A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who has fluid volume deficit. The nurse would expect which of the following findings?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is teaching a client who is on a low-sodium diet. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select All that Apply.).

Correct Answer is ["A","D"]

Explanation

A patient's blood gases show a pH of 7.53 and bicarbonate level of 36 mEq/L. The nurse realizes that the patient is demonstrating which acid-base disorder?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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